金银精矿氰化尾渣中铜锌等有价金属综合利用的研究.pdf

摘要 矿产资源是一种不可再生资源，在国家经济发展进程中有相当重要地位。随着人类对 矿产资源的不断开采与利用，可开发的资源日益减少。我国黄金矿山每年排放金银氰化尾 渣在 2000 万吨以上，某些矿物原矿品位不高，但是经过氰化浸出工艺后，有价元素会得到 富集，绝大多数氰化尾渣中都有可回收的金、银、铜、锌、铅、硫、碳粉等有价元素。在 资源状况紧缺的前提下，对尾矿进行回收不仅可以取得一定的经济效益，同时减少尾矿库 存量，降低生态环境自净的压力。 论文在矿石性质研究的基础上，对某黄金矿山氰化渣中铜锌有价金属的回收技术开展 了大量的试验研究工作。探讨了浮选工艺参数对渣中铜锌回收的影响过程及规律，分析了 氰化尾渣的金属矿物成分，及矿物粒度分布情况，分析了铜、铅、锌矿物氧化程度对主要 矿物回收的影响。 采用实验室自主配置的能有效活化氰化尾渣中硫化铜矿物的新型药剂 QJ 作活化剂， （丁铵黑药+丁基黄药）作铜锌矿物捕收剂进行铜锌混浮，经一粗一扫获得铜锌混合精矿， 再采用（硫化钠+硫酸锌）作锌矿物抑制剂抑锌浮铜，铜浮选尾矿采用硫酸铜活化，以丁基 黄药为捕收剂经一粗一扫选锌的工艺流程，可获得含铜品位为22.56% 、回收率为 76.96% 的铜精矿，锌品位为42.56% 、回收率为 82.29%的锌精矿。 - 通过试验分析 QJ 药剂在二价铜存在的条件下，能有效消除 CN 对矿物的影响，分解矿 - 物络合物，使得 CN 被氧化分解，重金属离子被还原。 关键词：氰化尾渣，浮选，综合回收，铜锌硫化矿 I Abstract Mineral resources are non-renewable and have a very important position in the national economic development process. With the continued exploration and use, the mineral resources which could be developed are dwindling.The annual emissions of gold and silver roasting-cyanide tail slag reach to 20 million tons in gold mines in our country. Some mineral ore have a low grade, but the valuable elements will be enriched after a cyanide leaching process, and most of the roasting-cyanide tail slag contain recoverable elements such as gold, silver, copper, zinc, lead, sulfur, carbon and so on. It is very important to recover the tailings under the premise that resources are scarce, because it could not only achieve certain economic benefits, but also reduce the amount of tailings inventory and reduce the pressure on self-purification of ecological environment. On the basis of study of ore nature, a lot of tests and study have been completed