nomenclature of inorganic compound.doc

☆Naming elements　 ? ?The term element refers to a pure substance with atoms all of a single kind. At present 107 chemical elements are known. For most elements the symbol is simply the abbreviated form of the English name consisting of one or two letters, for example:oxygen = O ????nitrogen = N ???magnesium = Mg??燬ome elements, which have been known for a long time, have symbols based on their Latin names, for example:iron = Fe (ferrum) ????copper = Cu (cuprum) ????lead = Pb (Plumbum)??燗 few elements have symbols based on the Latin name of one of their compounds, the elements themselves having been discovered only in relatively recent times, for example:sodium = Na (natrium = sodium carbonate)potassium = K (kalium = potassium carbonate)??燗 listing of some common elements may be found in Table 1.*Table 1 ?Names of Some Common ElementsAg Silver ????燙o Cobalt ?????Ni NickelAl Aluminium ???Cr Chromium ????O OxygenAs Arsenic ????Cu Copper ?????P PhosphorusAu Gold ?????燜 Fluorine ????燩b LeadB Boron ?????燜e Iron ??????Pd PalladiumBa Barium ????燞 Hydrogen ????燩t PlatinumBi Bismuth ????Hg Mercury ????燬 SulfurBr Bromine ????I Iiodine ?????Se SeleniumC Carbon ?????K Potassium ????Si SiliconCa Calcium ????Mg Magnesium ???燬n Tin Cd Cadmium ????Mn Manganese ???燭i TitaniumCe Cerium ????燦 Nitrogen ????燯 UraniumCl Chlorine ???燦a Sodium ?????Zn Zinc ☆Naming Metal Oxides, Bases and Salts? ? ?A compound is a combination of positive（＋） and negative（－） ions in the proper ratio（比例） to give a balanced charge and the name of the compound follows from names of the ions, for example, NaCl, is sodium chloride; Al(OH)3 is aluminium hydroxide; FeBr2 is iron (II) bromide or ferrous bromide; Ca(OAc)2 is calcium acetate; Cr2(SO4)3 is chromium (III) sulphate or chromic sulphate, and so on. Table 3 gives some examples of the naming o