chapter 4.2 translation of words.pptVIP

Chapter 4 Translation of Words Section 2 Predominance of Prepositions in English and Translation I. Predominance of Prepositions in English Predominace of nouns leads to the frequent use of prepositions in English. In English, prepositions are very active and flexible in composition. Prepositional phrases serve different functions in a sentence. They can function as adverbial, attributive and predicative Most prepositions are converted from verbs in Chinese. That is, they serve as both verbs and prepositions. “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. “来啦！” 她转身蹦跳着越过草地，跑上小径，跨上台阶，穿过凉台，进了门槛。 党员干部们每天长时间工作，吃的是粗茶淡饭，住的是冰冷的窑洞，点的是暗淡的油灯。 Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamp. II.[ be +prep. +n.] It is very difficult to find corresponding verbs in English to translate some Chinese verbs which are not actual and concrete movements. English prepositions of position or location are able to express movements or actions in the position. 1.我非常了解他，因为我们在同一个办公室工作。 I know him quite well, for we are in the same office. 2. 她在缝纫。 She is at the sewing machine. 3. 他还在洗澡。 He is still in the bath. 4. 她是该委员会的成员。 She is on the committee. 5. 他最近在忙着写毕业论文。 He has been on his dissertation these days. 6. 我们的孩子上同一所学校。 Our children are at the same school. 7. 我听说他现在联合国教科文组织工作。 I hear he is with the UNESCO now. 8. 她正在为女儿缝制一条裙子。 She is sewing a skirt for her daughter. 9. 她昨天一直工作到午夜12点。 She worked until midnight yesterday. II. Prepositional phrases served as attributive or adverbial Prepositional phrases served as attributive or adverbial in English are often used to translate verbs in Chinese. Semantically, the nouns here are actually regarded as the objects of prepositions so that prepositions, in fact, perform as verbs. 10. 尽管我们努力推进素质教育，许多家长和老师还是热衷于分数。 Despites our efforts at quality-oriented education, many teachers and parents are still keen on marks. 11. 对我手上戴的戒指，颈上挂的项链乃至于家里摆放的冰箱、彩电，