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《Voltage》.pdf
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Energy C
Environmental Science
Cite this: Energy Environ. Sci., 2011, 4, 3680
/ees PAPER
Voltage, stability and diffusion barrier differences between sodium-ion and
lithium-ion intercalation materials
Shyue Ping Ong, Vincent L. Chevrier, Geoffroy Hautier, Anubhav Jain, Charles Moore, Sangtae Kim,
Xiaohua Ma and Gerbrand Ceder *
A
2 Received 20th May 2011, Accepted 20th June 2011
8
7 DOI: 10.1039/c1ee01782a
1
0
E
E
1
C To evaluate the potential of Na-ion batteries, we contrast in this work the difference between Na-ion
/
9
3 and Li-ion based intercalation chemistries in terms of three key battery properties—voltage, phase
0
1
.
2 0 stability and diffusion barriers. The compounds investigated comprise the layered AMO2 and AMS2
1 1
0 :
2 i
o structures, the olivine and maricite AMPO structures, and the NASICON A V (PO ) structures. The
4 3 2 4 3
y d
l |
u g calculated Na voltages for the compounds investigated are 0.18–0.57 V lower than that of the
J
r
8 o
1 c. corresponding Li voltages, in agreement with previous experimental data. We believe the
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