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《vol_II silk road_the wester regions under the hsiung-nu and the_Han》.pdf
ISBN 978-92-3-102846-5 The triangular clash
10
THE WESTERN REGIONS UNDER THE
*
HSIUNG-NU AND THE HAN
Ma Yong and Sun Yutang
Contents
The triangular clash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
China and the Western Regions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
The economy of the oasis states . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Language, culture and religion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Chinese administration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Military and agricultural colonies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
The Silk Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
The triangular clash
The second century b.c. had a profound influence on the history of Central Asia.
This was the century in which the clash between two great powers, the Hsiung-nu and
the Han, for the mastery of the Western Regions took place. The Hsiung-nu people origi-
nally lived in the northern part of present-day Shaanxi in China. During the fifth and fourth
centuries b.c., faced with the northward expansion of the states of Ch’in and Chao, they
were forced to migrate to the grasslands of Inner Mongolia, where they became a strong
tribal confederati
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