鄂托克前旗巴拉庙石膏矿开采工程生态环境影响评价及的保护措施.pdf

摘 要 生态环境是人类生存的基础，良好的生态环境是人类可持续发展所依赖的基本条 件，而矿产资源是人类和社会发展的重要物质基础，为社会和经济做出巨大贡献的同 时，对矿产开发建设地区的生态环境造成严重影响，由此引发多种生态环境问题。 （1）根据对项目区的生态环境现状评价可知，巴拉庙石膏矿区地处干旱的暖温 型荒漠草原带，评价区由高平原组成，地势平坦，沟壑几乎不发育，植被地带类型属 于荒漠草原与草原化荒漠的旱生和强旱生类型，植被以固定沙地和半固定沙地的非地 带性植被为主，主要有沙蒿+苦豆子群落、沙蒿群落、苦豆子群落和一二年生植物群 落。主要为天然草场，不可利用裸沙、干河沟等，其中天然草场是评价区主要的土地 利用方式。 2 （2 ）生态环境影响评价：施工期植被压占面积共计 85530 m ，造成严重水土流 失。内、外排土场易形成风水复合侵蚀区域，同时伴有重力侵蚀；运营期环境影响评 价：运营期水土流失集中在内、外排土场，是水土流失的重点防治区域。 （3 ）生态环境保护措施：对土地破坏地区进行土地复垦，生态修复。矿山服务 期满，应及时覆土，恢复植被，对整个矿山进行水土保持林的建设。 关键词：巴拉庙；石膏矿；生态环境影响评价；保护措施 Valuation and Protection of Environmental Impacts to Gesso Mining Engineering in Balamiao Etuokeqianqi Abstract The good ecological environment is the human survival foundation, is also the basic condition which the human sustainable development relies on, while the mineral resource is the important material base for the existence and development of the humanity. Its exploiting, processing and use promoting socio-economicdevelopment, while has caused many kinds of ecological environment question. （1）According to the ecological environment status evaluation of the project area that, The Balamiao gypsum mine is located in arid warm temperate desert steppe zone, the evaluation area composed by the high plains, flat and the gully is almost not developed. The type of vegetation zones belong to the desert steppe and steppe desert the xeric and xerophytic type, Vegetation is formed by fixed sandy land and semi-fixed sand of azonal plants, mainly with sand Artemisia-bitter beans community, sand Artemisia community, bitter beans communities, and biennial plant communities. Mainly natural grassland,