荀子对先秦诸子之批判和原始儒家的自我定位.pdf

荀子对先秦诸子之批判与原始儒家的自我定位 摘 要 摘 要 春秋战国时期，原始儒家学说面临着内忧外患的尴尬境地，于内孔子死后儒 分为八，儒门后生与孔子之说产生了偏差，出现了“以儒相诟病”的局面；于外 先秦诸派学说纷起，冲击了儒家学说，动摇了儒派地位。为改变这一现状，重塑 儒家显学地位，荀子自觉担此大任。分别对儒家之外诸子和儒家各支派进行批判 回应。对儒家之外诸子的批判是因为要维护儒家的立场与思想路线；对儒家各支 派的批判是为了批判其对孔子立场与思想路线的偏离。此两种批判的着眼点和途 径虽然不同，但都服务于一个根本的目的——建立适应时代所需的政治儒学。而 其政治儒学致思路向的确立，须树立一个行为主体作为实践中介。为此荀子塑造 了“大儒”理想人格。“大儒”人格的行为原则，被荀子具体规定为三条：“隆礼 重法”、“法后王”、“知统类”。荀子表面上通过这三条来界定“大儒”人格，但实 际上是为了通过树立“大儒”这一理想人格以实现对原始儒家的重新自我定位， 即将原始儒家定位为政治大一统社会的代言者。 关键词：荀子，儒家，大儒，政治儒学，批判。 作 者：王 璐 指导教师：蒋国保 I 英文摘要 荀子对先秦诸子之批判与原始儒家的自我定位 The Criticism from Xun Zi to Pre-Qin Philosophers and the Self-positioning of Original Confucianism Abstract The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period , the original Confucianism were facing the internal and external embarrassing situation .From the Internally speaking, the Confucianism was divided into eight schools, after Confucius ,Confucianism and Confucius epigenetic produced a deviation , emerged the phase criticized Confucianism situation ; outside Qin Zhu schools’ doctrine flared up , were under attack the Confucianism and shaken the school position, To change this situation and reshaped the status of the Confucian school, Xun Zi consciously undertake the responsibility , Respectively to response The pre Qin philosophers and the outside Confucian philosophers’ criticism., Criticize the outside Confucian philosophers in order to maintain the position of the ideological line of Confucianism ,Criticize the Confucian schools in order to rectify th