《Multi-User Pre-Processing in Multi-Antenna OFDM TDD Systems with Non-Reciprocal Transceivers》.pdf

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 61, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2013 3781 Multi-User Pre-Processing in Multi-Antenna OFDM TDD Systems with Non-Reciprocal Transceivers Mark Petermann, Markus Stefer, Frank Ludwig, Dirk W¨ubben, Senior Member, IEEE, Martin Schneider, Steffen Paul, Member, IEEE , and Karl-Dirk Kammeyer, Member, IEEE Abstract—The combination of OFDM with joint pre- physical channel is large compared to the time of the duplex processing in adaptive multi-antenna systems offers both an phase. A decisive problem arises in that the reciprocity of ease of equalization in frequency-selective channels and keeping the system is lost when considering baseband-to-baseband the signal processing at the mobile stations simple. In addition, the spatial dimension can be efficiently exploited to ensure transmission because of the non-symmetric characteristics of high system throughput. With the utilization of higher-order the analog transmit (Tx) and receive (Rx) frontends. Further- modulation the performance of the system is highly sensitive to more, non-linearities within the devices inhibit a reciprocal multiple access interference and nonorthogonal subchannels due behavior. In [2], [3], this objective is described in detail to hardware impairments or insufficient adaptation to the current as well as the deterioration of the system performance in channel conditions. A further source of error in TDD systems are the non-reciprocal transceivers inhibiting the baseband-to- absence of the reciprocity due to hardware impairments. In baseband channel reciprocity required for accurate ch