保险人妨碍投保人如实告知的民事效果___以曲某重大疾病保险合同纠纷为例.pdfVIP

内容摘要 本文以曲某重大疾病保险合同纠纷一案为线索，主要讨论保险人妨碍投保人如实告 知的民事后果。全文分为如何认定妨碍投保人如实告知的行为构成以及如何追究保险人 民事责任两个问题；其中，后者分别从保险法、合同法两方面展开分析。 保险人实施妨碍投保人如实告知的行为主要有两种实现方式。一是影响投保人对重 要事实的判断，二是阻绝投保人告知的途径。无论以哪种形式表现出来，该行为在客观 上均造成投保人未履行如实告知义务的事实。凡以不正当手段对投保人判断重要事实或 告知方式产生不利影响，使投保人违背其真实意愿加入保险，并在保险事故发生时以此 为抗辩理由的行为，都属于保险人妨碍投保人如实告知的行为。 投保人未如实告知因保险人的妨碍行为而导致的，保险人不能解除合同，在保险事 故发生后应向投保人给付保险金。此种法律后果，既可基于保险法中投保人告知义务制 度推导，也可从合同法一般规定寻求法律基础。在前者，可以认定投保人对未如实告知 没有主观上的故意或重大过失，或者认定在保险合同订立时保险人已经知道投保人未如 实告知情况。在后者，可以认定投保人因保险人的行为手段构成欺诈而享有合同撤销权， 或者认定保险人因其行为违反诚实信用原则而需承担缔约过失责任。因此，在本案中， 保险人无权要求解除合同,且应在保险事故发生后给付保险金。 关键词：保险告知义务；保险人销售禁止行为；保险合同诚信 1 Abstract This paper is based on a case of Mr. Qu’s dissension in a major illness insurance contract. It discussed what kind of the insurer’s behavior should be identified as blocking or inducing the insured to give truthful information, and how can the insurer bear the civil liability for doing it. This kind of behavior affected the insured’s judgment on important fact and the way of giving information. Objectively it results in the fact that insured failed to perform the obligations, that the insurer used this fact in defense of performing the right to terminate the contract and reaching the purpose of evading the responsibility of the insurance payment. All improper ways that affected the insured’s judgment on important fact and the way of giving information, or behaviors which lead to adverse consequences and induce the insured to join the insurance against their true wishes and take it as excuse when insurance accident happens, are all identified as behaviors of blocking or inducing the insured to give truthful information. If the insured has been blocked or induced by the insurer and failed to give truthful information, the insurer c