多元复合强化铁基堆焊合金及其耐磨机理的研究.doc

多元复合强化铁基堆焊合金及耐磨机理的研究 吉林工业职业技术学院 乔立国 摘要 关键目前国内外高温耐磨堆焊材料主要是沿用过去的铁铬碳系、铁铬硼系、高铬铸铁合金或钴基的司太立合金和一些镍基合金，它们虽然在抗蚀、耐磨及热稳定性等方面均有突出的优点，但是其价格昂贵，成本太高，不利于应用推广。针对上述问题，本文将正交回归设计的方法与试验相结合，成功地研制出了一种Cr-B-W-V系多元复合强化铁基高温耐磨堆焊合金。 本文根据相关资料，并针对高温耐磨堆焊的特点，确定了Cr-B-W-V系多元复合强化铁基高温耐磨堆焊合金粉末的最初配方。运用自行编制的焊接材料计算机辅助设计系统——WMCAD，采用一次正交回归设计的方法来规划试验，以研究的Cr-B-W-V系多元复合强化铁基高温耐磨堆焊合金粉末所形成的堆焊层的高温磨损失重ΔW(760)为试验考察指标，对Cr-B-W-V系多元复合强化铁基高温耐磨堆焊合金的合金系统配方进行了最优化设计，建立了高温磨损失重ΔW(760)与铁基高温耐磨堆焊(来源:bb3bAb3BC论文网)合金中合金元素的质量百分含量之间的回归方程，构造相应的混合惩罚函数，并对之求极值，从而获得合金的最优配方。 本文还通过试验，对优化设计的结果进行检验，即：按照所设计的配方将各种铁合金混合均匀后，用高锰酸钾钝化的水玻璃做粘结剂，压涂在母材(Q235B)试件上，然后对烘干的试件进行等离子弧堆焊(试验方法详见4．1．2和4．2．2)，并通过对相应堆焊层组织及硬质相分布进行深入分析，系统地研究合金元素Cr、B、W、V等对相应堆焊层堆焊层常温硬度、高温硬度、常温耐磨性和高温耐磨性的影响规律(详见4．1．3和4．2．3)及其高温耐磨机理，从而验证优化设计的结果是否与试验结果相一致。 试验证明：应用研制的Cr-B-W-V系多元复合强化铁基高温耐磨堆焊合金粉末所形成的堆焊层，其高温硬度HV(760)指标和高温磨损失重ΔW(760)指标均优于钴基Stellite NO．12合金所形成的堆焊层At present, materials used in high temperature-wear-resistance in the world are mostly Fe-Cr-C, Fe-Cr-B, and high chromium cast iron alloys, or cobalt base Stellite and some kinds of nickel base surfacing welding alloys, which are too expensive to apply widely though they have some outstanding merits in the aspects of corrosion stability, wear-resistance, and thermal stability and so on. To solve the problem above, in this paper, we have successfully developed one kind of Cr-B-W-V system multielement composite strengthening high temperature-wear-resistant iron base surfacing alloy, combining the method of orthogonal regression design with experiments.In accordance with corresponding informations, and in view of the characteristics of high temperature-wear-resistance, the initial prescription of Cr-B-W-V system multielement composite strengthening high temperature-wear-resistant iron base surfacing alloy powder is determined. Then, use welding material computer assistant design system - WMCAD programmed by myself, adopt linear orthogonal regression design to plan experiment, the wear weight loss W(760 ) of the surfacing welding