发达国家农产品技术性贸易壁垒：案例分析与对策研究.pdf

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS TBT IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES:CASES ANALYSIS AND CHINA’S COUNTERMEASURES ABSTRACT The sanitary requirement of agricultural products is increasingly concerned, as an very important technical barrier of trade, WTO/SPS was adopted by countries to restrict the international trade of agricultural products for the purpose of protecting the life and health of human being, animal and plant, SPS is not only the sovereign rights of a country, at the same time, it is a prerequisite to keep the normal international trade. However, some countries set up barrier to impose restrictions on the trade by means of raising the SPS standards and requirements arbitrarily. How to break the TBT Technical Barriers to Trade of developed countries was a urgently strategic question to our country. Agricultural products trade dispute cases solved by DSU and diplomatic negotiation were analyzed in this paper to provide proposals of china agricultural product response TBT challenge. The proposals including establish specialized organization to carry out DSU, set up all-process-monitored system to guarantee the quality and safety of export agricultural products, and protect the agricultural ecosystem, etc. KEY WORDS: WTO/SPS agricultural products WTO/TBT DSU diplomatic negotiation 前言 中国的肉类 蔬菜 水果等劳动密集型产品 由于具有较强的比较优势 曾经被业内人士预 期在加入世界贸易组织 WTO 后具有巨大的出口潜力 但自2002 年以来这些产品却频频遭遇技 术壁垒 出口形势严峻 如浙江舟山冻虾仁因检查出极微量的氯霉素被欧盟退货索赔 欧盟兽医 委员会还宣布禁止从中国进口虾 兔和家禽肉等动物源性食品 日本对从中国进口的蔬菜实行批 批检验的苛刻检验措施 中国出口欧盟的蜂蜜又被以 抗生素超标 为由遭到 封杀 随后 日本 加拿大 美国等也加强了对中国蜂蜜的检验 如何突破发达国家以质量 卫生和技术标准 等为借口的技术性贸易壁垒 使中国具有比较优势的劳动密集型产品转变成竞争优势和出口现 实 是目前亟待解决的战略问题[1] 技术性贸易壁垒 TBT 动植物卫生检疫措施 SPS 原本是为了保护国家经济安全 保