Radiation resistance Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their enigmatic pro-survival signaling》.pdf

G Model YSCBI-1221; No. of Pages 6 ARTICLE IN PRESS Seminars in Cancer Biology xxx (2015) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Seminars in Cancer Biology j o u r n a l h o me p a ge : w w w. elsev /locate/semcancer Review Radiation resistance: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and their enigmatic pro-survival signaling Ira Skvortsova a,∗ , Paul Debbage b , Vinod Kumar c , Sergej Skvortsov a a Department of Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria b Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria c Centrefor Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Despite the fact that radiation therapy is a highly effective therapeutic approach, a small intratumoral cell Received 7 August 2015 subpopulation known as “cancer stem cells” (CSCs) is radiation-resistant and possesses specific molecular Accepted 16 September 2015 properties protecting it against radiation-induced damage. The exact mechanisms of this radioresistance are still not fully elucidated, but they relate to these cells’ enhanced DNA repair capacities and their Keywords: low intracellular ROS concentrations, resulting from their up-regulation of ROS scavengers. The low ROS Radiation resistance content is accompanied by disturbances in cell cycle regulation, so it