高三英语一轮复习 语法部分定语从句课件 牛当版.pptVIP

英语句子的基本结构 定语从句 一、定语从句的分类 限制性定语从句：从句对主句起限制作用，从句必不可少。 e.g. He is the man that I am looking for. 2. 非限制性定语从句：从句对主句进行补充，用逗号隔开。 e.g. This is the farm, where he used to live. 二、定语从句的重要组成成分 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词。一般由名词或代词构成。“…的…”. (走在定语从句前面的词。) 2. 连接词：连接定语从句与主句。 e.g. He is the man that I am looking for. 先行词 定语从句 三、连接词（关系词）的作用 连接：即连接主句与从句。 替代：连接词替代先行词，即从句中不再出现先行词。 作成分：连接词在从句中充当成分，即先行词所作的成分由连接词替代。 e.g. He is the man that I am looking for. 宾语 四、连接词（关系词）的分类 关系代词：主语、宾语、表语、 定语。that/which/ who/whom/whose/as 关系副词： 状语 when/ where/ why 五、限制性定语从句中 练习： 1. Do you know the man ____ name is Tom? 2. He is not the man _____ he was before. 3. This is the farm _____ we visited yesterday. 4. He is the student ______ the teacher likes the best. 5. This is the farm, _____ we visited yesterday. 六、定语从句中只能用that，不用which的情况 先行词是不定代词（all, something, few, little, anything, few, little, much）。 当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 当先行词既有人又有物时。 当句中已经有who/which时。 当先行词被the only,the very(恰好，恰巧)，the same,the last修饰时。 七、定语从句中只用which，不用that的情况 非限制性定语从句中，只能用which。 介词提前的时候（介词后面，表物只能用which，表人只能用whom） e.g. He is the student of whom the teacher is proud. 关系副词的用法 在从句中作状语(关键是分析句子成分！) 表时间when， 表地点where, 表原因why e.g. I can’t forget the day when I reached here. This is the farm where we worked before. 区别关系代词与关系副词 关键是分析定语从句中所缺的成分！！ I will never forget the days that we spent together. I will never forget the days when we met each other. 介词+which 关系副词可以用“介词+which”替换。根据从句中动词的搭配，来选择介词。 e.g. This is the farm where I worked before. (I worked in the farm.) This is the farm in which I worked before. 2. 介词+which 表人；介词+whom表物 特殊用法 the same … as… ; such … as… e.g. He is such a great teacher as all the students like. 2. what = the thing(person) that e.g. 我不喜欢你说的那个人。 I don’t like what you talked about. I don’t like the person that you talked about.