汽车英语 许耀东 黄立新 第二章新.pptVIP

思考练习 翻译下列词组： 1、燃料室 2、燃料燃烧 3、做功行程 4、排气行程 将下面的短文翻译成英文： Twostroke——a power stroke every revolution of the crank. Fourstroke——a power stroke every other revolution of the crank. 在发动机的正中央有若干个连成一体的气缸，其整体叫气缸体。其质量占发动机总质量的15%~30%，是发动机最大的零件。 Block［1］ The engine block is the basic frame of the engine. All other engine parts either fit inside it or fasten to it. It holds the cylinders, water jackets, and oil galleries. The engine block also holds the crankshaft, which fastens to the bottom of the block. （Fig.2.2） Cylinder Head The cylinder head fastens to the top of the block, just as a roof fits over a house. The underside forms the combustion chamber with the top of the piston.(Fig.2.3) ［1］block n.木块,石块,块,街区。本文中指“气缸体”。 词汇学习 参考译文 汽缸体和汽缸盖 气缸体 气缸体是发动机的基本框架。发动机的其他零件都安装在它里面或者固定在它上面。它支撑气缸、水套和油道。气缸体也支撑固定在气缸体底部的曲轴。（图2.2） 气缸盖 气缸盖固定在气缸体的顶上，正像屋顶套在房子的上面一样。气缸盖下面与活塞顶上的空间形成燃烧室。（图2.3） 知识拓展 A cylinder head is bolted to the top of each bank of cylinders to seal the individual cylinders and contain the combustion process that takes place inside the cylinder. 思考练习 翻译下列词组： 1、汽缸体 2、水套 3、水道 4、汽缸盖 将下面的短文翻译成英文： The cylinder head contains at least one intake valve and one exhaust valve for each cylinder. 要使整个汽车行驶就需要发动机有一定的功率和转矩。因此只有一个气缸的发动机是无法驱动汽车的，所以小型轿车一般都有4个以上的气缸。当然若排量相同，气缸数越多，则气缸直径就越小。 There are several engine types which are identified by the number of cylinders and the way the cylinders are laid out.Motor vehicles will have from 3 to 12 cylinders which are arranged in the engine block in several configurations.A few of them are shown on the Fig.2.4. Inline engines have their cylinders arranged in a row. 3,4,5 and 6 cylinder engines commonly use this arrangement. The“V”arrangement uses two banks of cylinders side by side and is commonly used in V6,V8,V10 and V12 configurations.Flat engines use two opposing banks of cylinders and are less common than the other two designs［1］. They are used in Subarus and Porsches