《商务英语翻译4 被动语态， 从句，长难句 》.ppt

第九章 被动语态的翻译 Chapter Nine Passive Voice in English- Chinese Translation 英语的一个显著特点是广泛使用被动语态，在科技文章中尤为如此。 以下面一段英语文章为例，在14个谓语动词 中，13个使用的是被动语态。 As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out. If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig（钻塔）” is assembled（装配）. The most obvious part of a drilling rig is called “a derrick （油井的铁架塔）”. It is used to lift sections of pipe, 接上文 which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. As the hole is being drilled(钻孔）, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from falling in. If oil is struck, a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves. Comparison between the English Version and the Chinese Version of the paragraph: As oil is found deep in the ground, its presence cannot be determined by a study of the surface. 由于石油深埋地下，靠研究地面，不能确定石油的有无。 Consequently, a geological survey of the underground rock structure must be carried out. 因此，对地下岩层结构必须进行地质勘探。 If it is thought that the rocks in a certain area contain oil, a “drilling rig（钻塔）” is assembled. 如果认为某地区的岩层含石油，则在该处安装钻机。 The most obvious part of drilling rig is called “a derrick（油井 的铁架塔）”. 钻机中最显眼的部件叫井架。 It is used to lift sections of pipe, which are lowered into the hole made by the drill. 井架用来吊升分节油管，把油管放入由钻头打出的 孔中。 As the hole is being drilled, a steel pipe is pushed down to prevent the sides from falling in. 当孔钻成时，放入钢管防止孔壁坍塌。 If oil is struck, a cover is firmly fixed to the top of the pipe and the oil is allowed to escape through a series of valves. 如果发现石油，则在油管顶部紧固地加盖，使石油 通过一系列阀门流出。 通过对比可以看出：英文翻译成中文 时，中文中很少使用被动语态; 英语中含有被 动语态的句子在汉语翻译过程中要变成主动 句，这样才能符合汉语译文的习惯。 英语被动语态通常用于以下5种情况： 主语不明或不必提及 Rice is chiefly grown in the south. 为特殊目的强调动作实施 The song was composed by a worker. 为文体需要避免结构