2015-2016学年高三英语同步练习：unit3 第4学时《grammar》（人教版必修5）.docVIP

第四学时　Grammar [观察领悟]观察领悟下列句1．Worried_about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days. 2．Well-known for their expertise，his parents company，called “Future Tours”，transported me safely into the future in a time capsule. 3．The capsule began swinging gently sideways as we lay relaxed and dreaming. 4．Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 5．Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. 6．Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 7．Deeply touched，I thanked him again and again. 8．Caught in a heavy rain，he was late for work again. [自我总结]动词的过去分词具有副词、形容词的特征分词或分词短语在句中可作________、________还可作________等。状语；定语；表语 过去分词(短语)作状语可以表时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等它的逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语过去分词与主语之间是动宾关系。作时间状语。相当于一个时间状语从句。(Once published＝Once it is published)一旦出版这本词典将大受欢迎。作原因状语。相当于一个原因状语从句。(Lost in thought＝Because I was lost in thought)由于陷入沉思我没注意到外面发生了什么事情。作条件状语。相当于一个条件状语从句。(Given another hour＝If I am given another hour)如果再给我一个小时我也能把这道题算出来。作让步状语。相当于一个让步状语从句。(Beaten by the opposite team＝Though we were beaten by the opposite team)虽然被对方的队打败了但我们并没有灰心而是相互鼓励。作方式或伴随状语。可以转换成一个并列句。(supported by a girl＝and was supported by a girl)(方式)【注意】(1)过去分词作状语时其前面可以带有相应的连词如whenh，as if，as though，if，unless，until，once等表时间、让步、条件、方式等。(I am)invited，I will attend the wedding of my friend.如果受到邀请我会参加我朋友的婚礼。(2)过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系即表被动；现在分词与句Asked why he was late，he cried. 被问到他为什么迟到时他哭了。ut of the window，I saw some students playing there. 我朝窗外望去看见几个学生在那边玩耍。(3)过去分词(短语)作状语时分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。小偷如果被抓会4)有些过去分词已形容词化作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有：satisfiedsed，disappointed等。因为对考试结果很失望小女孩站在那儿一句话也没说。一般来说过去分词作定语时含有“完成” 和“被动” 的双重意义。但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成” 的动作而不表示“被动” 意义。如：boiled water(开水)；fallen leaves(落叶)；risen sun(升起的太阳)等。我的父母都是退休教师。单个的过去分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前也可后置。往往可用定语从句代替。英语口语冰镇啤酒炸土豆条快点时间不多了。 are mightier than things heard. 眼见为实耳听为虚。过去分词表示的动作通常发生在谓语动词之前或表示与句中谓语动词相应的经常性动作。所有坏了的窗子都已经修理好了。他是一个受学生喜爱和尊敬的老师。一、用所给单词的适当形式填空________ (manage)，his business soon took off. 2．The woman scientist entered the room，___