CSE1520ComputerUseFundamentals.pptVIP

Gates and Circuits * What is a “gate”? A gate is a device that performs a basic operation on electrical signals What is “circuit”? Gates are combined to form different “circuits” to perform more complicated tasks EECS 1520 -- Computer Use: Fundamentals Gates and Circuits * Three notational methods to describe the behavior of gates: Boolean expressions: A form of algebra in which variables and functions take on only one of two possible values (0 and 1) Logic diagrams: graphical representation of a circuit Truth tables: defines the function of a gate by listing all possible input combination and the corresponding output. EECS 1520 -- Computer Use: Fundamentals Gates and Circuits * Six types of logic gates: NOT AND OR XOR NAND NOR A gate or logic gate performs only one logical function. Each gate accepts one or more input values and produces a single output value. EECS 1520 -- Computer Use: Fundamentals Gates and Circuits: NOT Gate * Also referred to as an “inverter” If the input value is 1, the output is 0; if the input value is 0, the output is 1 Logic diagram Symbol Truth Table Boolean Expression Sometimes the “ ’ ” mark is replaced by horizontal bar placed over the value: EECS 1520 -- Computer Use: Fundamentals Gates and Circuits: AND Gate * If the two input values are both 1, the output is 1; otherwise, the output is 0 Logic diagram Symbol Truth Table Boolean Expression Sometimes the “ . ” mark is replaced by the asterisk symbol “ * ” EECS 1520 -- Computer Use: Fundamentals Gates and Circuits: OR Gate * Logic diagram Symbol Truth Table Boolean Expression If both input values are both 0, the output is 0; otherwise, the output is 1 EECS 1520 -- Computer Use: Fundamentals Gates and Circuits: XOR or exclusive OR Gate * Logic diagram Symbol Truth Table Boolean Expression If the two inputs are the same, the output is 0; otherwise, the output is 1 Not the difference between the XOR gate and the OR gate; they only differ in one input situation: Whe