高填方涵洞选址选型及其地基承载力探讨.pdfVIP

摘 要 目前，由于对高填方涵洞的涵－土相互作用机理认识不足，设计人员未能充分考 虑地形和地基条件等因素对涵洞受力的影响以及高路堤下涵洞基础的埋深效应和地 基承载力的修正，对地基承载力提出了过高的要求。一方面造成经济浪费，另一方面 使涵顶应力集中现象加剧，给构造物带来安全隐患。 本文针对上述问题，结合现场测试、数值模拟和理论分析研究了高填方涵洞受力 与位移的变化规律，讨论了填土高度、边界条件、地基条件等因素对涵洞结构受力和 位移的影响。根据不同的地形条件，结合理论分析和数值模拟对高路堤下涵洞的选址 和选型进行了系统研究，分析了地基受力和变形特性及其影响因素。考虑涵洞基础的 埋深效应，对涵洞地基承载力进行修正，确定了涵洞地基处理的范围，同时对不同地 基处理方法的效果进行了对比分析。 研究结果表明，涵洞的选址和选型应综合考虑地基条件、边界条件和偏载效应的 影响。地基刚度和沟谷宽度越大，涵顶土压力越大；涵洞偏载效应越明显，涵底差异 沉降越大。涵洞应避免直接设于坚硬土层或半硬半软地基上，同时应考虑沟谷中非对 称设涵对涵洞结构受力的影响。涵洞基底平均压力与其外侧相同标高下路基基底压力 相差不大，地基设计时可按两者相等考虑。涵洞地基处理后的承载力应考虑深度和宽 度修正，地基处理宽度可取3 倍涵体宽度。本文研究成果对山区高速公路高填方涵洞 的选址、选型及地基设计具有重要的参考价值。 关键词：高填方涵洞; 地基处理; 选址与选型; 现场测试; 有限元法; 地基承载力 I Abstract At present, due to imperfect understanding of the designers to the soil-structure interaction of high fill culvert, the influencing factors of the landform and the ground conditions on the stresses of culvert, the embedding effect of the culvert foundation, and the modification of the ground bearing capacity are not considered sufficiently. As a result, higher ground bearing capacity is required. It is wasteful, as well as aggravates the vertical earth pressure concentration on the top of culverts, which brings about the potential structural hazard. According to these problems, the stresses and the displacements of high fill culvert are studied based on field test and FEM numerical simulation, as well as theoretical method in this thesis. The influence of the factors, such as the height of the fill, the boundary conditions of the culvert and the characteristics of the ground soil, etc., on the stresses and displacements of the soil-structure system, have been discussed in detail. Meanwhile, based on