Chap.2Principlesofopticalinstruments.pptVIP

Chap. 2  Principles of optical instruments 2.1 Magnifying power of aided visual instruments Magnifying glass 助视仪器的放大本领 放大镜 *2.2 Huygens eyepiece and Ramsden eyepiece 惠更斯目镜和冉斯登目镜 2.3 Magnifying power of microscope 显微镜的放大本领 2.4 Magnifying power of telescope 望远镜的放大本领 2.5 (Optical) Stop/diaphragm and pupil 光阑 光瞳 *2.6 Outline of photometry-transmission of light energy 光度学概述 2.7 Light gathering power of objective 物镜的聚光本领 2.8 Aberrations 象差概述 2.4 magnifying power of telescope * * 光学仪器的基本原理 一、construction of human eye 人眼的结构 （looked as optical instrument) Pupil 瞳孔—control the luminous flux entering the human eye. Some norms： Crystalline humor—the convex lens with adjustable focal length. Retina—accept the image. In the view of geometric optics, 晶状体 视网膜 Human eye Preface 二、reduced eye F n=1 n=4/3 f =22.8mm 三、adjustment function of human eye Normal eye 正常眼 Far point∞ Near point（changes with the age） Distance of distinct vision 25 cm { 远点 近点 明视距离 From the point of geometric optics, human eye can be looked as coaxial lenses with different mediums. So it can be simplified as a reduced eye of a spherical surface . Myopic eye Nearsighted eye Hyperopic eye Farsighted eye Abnormal eye Myopic eye 近视眼 — the far point is finite, correcting through the concave lens Hyperopic eye远视眼— the near point goes further, correcting through the convex