Chapter7Supersonicflowsandshocks.PDFVIP

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Chapter 7 Supersonic flows and shocks In the previous chapters we have already been confronted with the concept of ’shock wave’, both in simple systems such as Burger’s equations or traffic flow equations, as well as in full hydrody- namic systems. Supersonic flows in multiple dimensions have a much richer structure than just standard frontal shocks. In this chapter we will go deeper into the physical and mathematical character of supersonic flows in multiple dimensions. Much of what is discussed here follows the book by Liepman Roshko “Elements of Gas Dynamics” (Dover Publications, Mineola, New York). 7.1 Oblique shocks In 2-D and 3-D supersonic flow configurations shock waves are often oblique, i.e. the velocity of the flow is not perpendicular to the shock wave. For a perpendicular shock wave we have the following identities (see Chapter 1): (7.1) (7.2) (7.3) where and are the Mach numbers on the pre- and post-shock regions (, are the adiabatic sound speeds in the pre- and post-shock region respectively). For an oblique shock these relations only hold for the perpendicular component of the flow velocities on both sides of the shock. The parallel component remains untouched. In Fig. 7.1 the configuration of an oblique shock is shown, and the and are here taken to be the perpendicular parts of the full velocities and .

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