ImagePerception.pptVIP

EE465: Introduction to Digital Image Processing * Waterfall by M.C Escher Image Perception Drawing hands by M.C Escher EE465: Introduction to Digital Image Processing * Human Eye Structure Three membranes enclose the eye: Cornea and sclera, Choroid, Retina ciliary body iris diaphragm Pupil size: 2-8mm Eye color: melanin (pigment) in iris /wiki/Evolution_of_the_eye EE465: Introduction to Digital Image Processing * Retina When the eye is properly focused, light from an outside object is imaged on the retina Two classes of receptors are located over the surface of retina: cones and rods Cone: 6-7 million in each eye, central part of retina (fovea) and highly sensitive to color Rod: 75-150 million, all over the retina surface and sensitive to low levels of illumination EE465: Introduction to Digital Image Processing * Rods and Cones in Retina Q: Can you see a traffic light turn green while looking away from it? EE465: Introduction to Digital Image Processing * Image Formation in the Eye Focal length: 14-17mm Length of tree image?2.55mm For distant objects (3m), lens exhibits the least refractive power (flattened) For nearby objects (1m), lens is most strongly refractive (curved) /wiki/Amblyopia Q: What if the image is focused in one eye but not the other (i.e., lazy eye)? EE465: Introduction to Digital Image Processing * Lightness Perception: Objective Quantities Luminance is the amount of visible light that comes to the eye from a surface. Illuminance is the amount of light incident on a surface. Reflectance (also called albedo) is the proportion of incident light that is reflected from a surface. varies from 0% to 100% where 0% is ideal black and 100% is ideal white. In practice, typical black paint is about 5% and typical white paint about 85%. /people/adelson EE465: Introduction to Digital Image Processing * Image Formation Model f(x,y)=i(x,y)r(x,y) 0f(x,y)∞ 0i(x,y)∞ 0r(x,y)1 reflectance Illumination/shading luminance – proportional to energy radiat