香港中文大学-仓库.pptVIP

Copyright: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1998 Storage and Handling Janny M.Y. Leung Storage and Handling Decisions One-quarter of non-inventory logistics costs labour space equipment materials Inventory storage Materials handling Reasons for Storage Transportation and Production Cost Reduction economies of scale accumulation of orders Co-ordination of supply and demand build inventory for seasonal demand take advantage of fluctuating prices Production Needs aging process “bonded” warehouse to save tax Market considerations inventory located close to customers for quick response Storage Functions Holding Consolidation Break-bulk Mixing of products Holding Consolidation Break-Bulk Mixing Storage Facility Planning and Design Site selection Facility sizing Space configuration Space layout Dock design Material handling system selection Stock layout and location Sizing the Facility Length? Width? Height? Capacity? physical space material handling system used aisle and dock requirements stock layout product characteristics Capacity needs seasonal future trends? Financial considerations own or rent Net Present Value (NPV) Internal Rate of Return (IRR) compare with hurdle rate Facility Configuration Ceiling height construction vs. material handling costs Length vs. width depends on dock locations Space Layout number and orientation of shelves minimize: access costs warehouse area (fixed) costs warehouse perimeter (construction) costs Dock Design length of rail dock no. of truck dock doors Material Handling Decisions Loading/Unloading Movement to/from storage Order-filling Goals: reduce handling cost reduce distance travelled increase unit size handled seek round-trips increase space utilization Co-ordinated decision with storage system design Material Handling Considerations Warehouse design multi-floor? Narrow aisles? Space layout layout for storage wide and deep storage bays high stacking, narrow aisles high space utilization difficult retrieval layout for orde