GPS精密单点定位星历与钟差的研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 GPS 精密单点定位是利用IGS 及其其他数据中心提供的卫星精密卫星星历和精密卫星 钟差，以单台 GPS 接收机采集的非差相位数据作为主要观测值来进行单点定位计算，其精 度可达分米级甚至厘米级。本文首先简要介绍了精密单点定位的发展现状和 IGS 的概述及 其产品说明，分析了精密单点定位中获取实时高精度的卫星星历和钟差的重要性。另外介 绍了 IGS 产品的格式说明、精密单点定位的主要误差源以及误差改正模型、GPS 精密单点 定位的原理等。论文的主要研究内容为： （1）精密星历的研究，详细介绍了两种插值方法和两种拟合方法的数学原理，通过 在 matlab 上编程实现各种方法并对各种方法的结果进行比较，分析了各种算法的特点和优 劣，得出这四种方法所插值的结果均能满足单点定位的要求，两种拟合方法在计算阶数相 同时无论精度和坐标差都相同。 （2 ）精密钟差的研究，通过在matlab 上编程实现三种算法，对不同钟类型（铯、铷） 卫星进行内插和拟合，分析了三种算法得出，对于存在很大抖动的卫星钟差，不适合用切 比雪夫拟合法。 关键词：精密单点定位；卫星星历；卫星钟差； IGS Abstract GPS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) uses un-differenced phase observation along with IGS and other data center to provide precise orbit and the precise satellite clock ,for stand-along geodetic point positioning, Its precision can reach level even cm-level honour. This article is mainly has carried on the development status of Precise point positioning and carriage and product specifications of IGS, Analyzes the importance of the precise point positioning in get real-time high-precision satellite star calendar. In addition Introduces the IGS product format indicates, Precise Point Positioning the main error sources and error correction model, GPS the difference of Precise Point Positioning principle, etc. the primary coverage includes: (1) Precision star calendar research, Detailed introduces two kind of interpolation methods and two fitting methods, achieves various methods through matlab and comparees results of kinds of methods, Analyzes different algorithms characteristics and adventages and disadvantages, draw the four methods by interpolation results which can satisfy the single point positioning requirement, whatever precision and coordinate difference are the same of t