浅析语境对话语理解的作用毕业论文.doc

学 士 学 位 论 文 论文题名： 浅析语境对话语理解的作用 专 业: 年 级: 2010级 姓 名: 学 号: 指导教师: 2014 年 4 月 8 日  中 文 摘 要 语境是人们运用语言进行言语交际的言语环境。由于交际双方文化背景、风俗习惯、文化程度、精神状态及处境心情等不同，往往会对话语内容的理解产生偏移，甚至是完全错误的解读。在这种种特定的语言环境中，语境因素对话语理解会起到限制和解释的作用。总起来说，这种作用表现在两方面：一是对话语理性意义的影响，二是对话语色彩意义的影响。在理性意义方面，语境对语义的影响包括三种：（1）有效消除语义模糊性；（2）帮助显现话语的言外之意；（3）补充话语的省略意义。相对于语境对话语理性意义所产生作用而言，它对话语色彩意义的影响则显得更为抽象化，我们会看到语境在左右话语的感情色彩和话语的合理性时所发挥的神奇作用。 关键词：语境；话语理解；作用；理性义；色彩义  Abstract Context is the situation of speech in which people conduct speech intercourse .People always misunderstand each other when they are talking about something. Distinctly, there are many reasons which give rise to the phenomenon, such as cultural background, social customs and habits, cultural level, spiritual state and the circumstances. Context can restrict and explain the discourse understanding for the specific context. Generally speaking, the main affects of context are the following two respects: the rational meaning and the perceptual meaning. The first respect consists of three points: eliminating the different meanings, showing the sub-auditions and supplementing the omitted meanings. By contrast, it is very abstract when context acts on the perceptual meaning of talker’s words. In many cases, context can decide the emotion of a sentence or a paragraph. Also sentences that are unreasonable can be rationalized by context. Key Words: context; discourse understanding; affect; rational meaning; perceptual meaning ? 目 录 引 言 …………………………………………………………………… 1 语境及语境研究的发展…………………………………………… 1 什么是语境…………………………………………………… 1 语境研究的发展……………………………………………… 2 语境对话语理性意义的影响……………………………………… 4 语境有效消除语义模糊性…………………………………… 4 语境帮助显现话语的言外之意……………………………… 6 语境帮助补充话语省略意义………………………………… 7 语境对话语色彩意义的影响……………………………………… 8 语境限制下褒义贬义的转化运用…………………………… 8 语境限制下反语的运用……………………………………… 9 结 论 …………………………………………………………………… 10 注 释 …………………………………………………………………… 11 参考文献 ……………………………………………………………… 11 致 谢 ……………………………