ppastheadverbial过去分词作状语.pptVIP

一.非谓语动词 1.动词不定式 V-to do :A.将来 B.具体的一次性动作 eg.The building to be built next year is very big. 表示被动，将来 2.现在分词 现在分词: A. 主动 B.进行 eg.The building being built now is very big. 表示被动，进行 3.过去分词：A. 被动 B.完成 eg.The building built last year is very big. 表达被动，完成 The building to be built next year is very big. The building being built now is very big. The building built last year is very big. 二.P.P as the adverbial 1.时间状语：when while after eg.Asked about his family, he made no answer. =When he was asked about his family, he made no answer. When asked about his family, he made no answer. He, asked about his family, made no answer. Asked why he was late, he cried. =When he was asked why ... When asked why ... →Hearing the teachers voice, the students are quiet.(the students与 hearing 之间是主动关系） 2.原因状语：because as since eg.(Because ) Hit by the teacher, Tom cried. =Because he was hit by teacher, Tom cried. Encouraged by the progress he has made, he studies hard. =Because he was encouraged by ... 3.条件状语：if Given another chance, I can do it better. =If I am given another chance, I can do it better. Given two more minutes, I can finish the task. 4.方式状语 eg.Seen from the top of the hill, our school is very beautiful. 5.伴随状语：一般放在句末，且可转换为并列结构 eg.The teacher sat here, surrounded by some students. =The teacher sat here, and he /she was surrounded by some students. The teacher walked into the classroom, followed by her son. =The teacher walked into the classroom, and she was followed by her son. The hunter walked slowly into the forest, followed his wolf dog. 6.让步状语：although though even if eg.Tired, the students still study hard. =Although /Though they are tired, the students still study hard. 三.特殊情况 1.speaking , judging 作悬垂状语时，不需和句子主语保持一致 eg. Generally speaking, women live longer than men. Judging by/from her look, she was disappointed. 2.独立主格结构：如果逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，需在分词前加上逻辑主语（n/代词的主格） eg.Time permitting, Ill finish