杂质离子对萃取法从石煤酸浸液中分离纯化钒的影响[J].docVIP

杂质离子对萃取法从石煤酸浸液中分离纯化钒的影响 李望，张一敏，刘涛，黄晶，王一 （武汉科技大学 资源与环境工程学院，武汉 430081） 摘要：含钒石煤经焙烧硫酸浸出后，酸浸液中含有高浓度的Fe、Fe、Al和Mg等杂质离子。以D2EHPA和TBP为萃取剂，磺化煤油为稀释剂，采用萃取法对酸浸液进行钒提纯试验，考察杂质离子对钒萃取率的影响。结果表明，纯溶液V4+的萃取率明显高于V；Fe浓度大于5 g/L时会显著降低V萃取率；Al和Mg的浓度低于10 g/L时，其共萃率明显降低。对实际酸浸液进行还原处理后，99%的V能够被萃取回收，而大部分Fe、Al和Mg则存在于萃余液中。少数共萃Fe2+在反萃作业后留在贫有机相中，Al和Mg在沉钒后留在沉钒尾水中，不影响V2O5纯度。关键词：钒；石煤溶剂萃取；酸浸液；铁Effect of Impurities on Vanadium Purification from Acid Leaching Solution of Stone Coal with Solvent Extraction Process LI Wang, ZHANG Yi-min, LIU Tao, HUANG Jing, WANG Yi (School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China) Abstract: Stone coal was roasted and sulfuric acid leached. Separation of vanadium from the vanadium containing solution with impurities of Fe3+, Fe2+, Al3+ and Mg2+ was conducted through solvent extraction process with D2EHPA and TBP as extractant and sulfonated kerosene as diluent. The effects of impurities on vanadium extraction rate are discussed. The results show that extraction ratio of V4+ is higher than that of V5+, and Fe3+ has a negative effect on extraction ratio of V4+ when its mass concentration exceeds 5 g/L. The co-extraction ratios of Al3+ and Mg2+ markedly decrease when their mass concentrations are lower than 10 g/L. Extraction experiments with D2EHPA indicates that 99% of V4+ can be extracted from the real leaching solution after reduction process, leaving most of Fe2+, Al3+ and Mg2+ in raffinate. The extracted Fe2+ remains in the stripped organic phase, and Al3+ and Mg2+ remain in the waste water of vanadium precipitation. Pure V2O5 can be obtained. Key words: vanadium; stone coal; solvent extraction; acid leaching solution; iron 针对不同地区的含钒石煤资源特性，目前已有多种提钒工艺得以应用[1]。相对于以水和强碱[2]作为浸出介质，硫酸浸出可有效提高钒回收率[3]。然而此工艺通常要求在高温95 ℃)和强酸性H2SO4体积浓度1530%)条件下进行[4]。因此，随着钒浸出率的提高，多种杂质会与钒同时浸出。这些杂质包括，，，，等离子，导致后续分离纯化钒工序难以进行[5]。 目前可用于从酸性溶液中分离纯化钒的技术主要为离子交换法和溶剂萃取法。离子交换法更适用于从中性或碱性溶液中提取V，以及从杂质含量较少的酸溶液中分离五价阴离子形式存在的钒[6]。而溶剂萃取法则适合从复杂酸溶液中提钒[7]，如酸性阳离子萃取剂