陕北黄土地区公边坡灾害危险性分区研究.pdfVIP

Research on Highway Slop Hazard regionalization in The North of Shaanxi Province Loess Area A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：He Zhongtong Supervisor：Tian Weiping Chang’an University, Xi’an, China 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 陕北黄土高原地区，黄土分布广且湿陷性较强，汛期的短历时强降雨常常引发公路 边坡灾害的发生，造成巨大的经济损失并对社会造成不良影响。结合陕北公路边坡的实 际状况，对公路边坡灾害进行灾害危险性分区研究，深入地了解了陕北黄土地区边坡灾 害的地域特征，揭示了灾害规律，旨在为陕北的路网规划、设计、养护和灾害防治提供 一定的依据。 在分析总结国内外对灾害危险性分区研究的基础上，通过实地调查，结合陕北黄土 地区的地质环境概况和外动力环境概况，依据区域公路边坡灾害的类型和特点，从岩土 体特性、地形地貌因素、诱发因素和植被因素四方面考虑，依照指标选取原则选取分区 指标。 指标选取过程中充分考虑与陕北公路边坡实际情况相结合，利用“ 陕西省公路日常 养护巡查系统”，获取公路危险边坡高度和危险边坡点密度两个指标数据，另选取岩土 体类型、地面坡度、地表切割密度、降雨量≥25mm 的日数和植被覆盖度共七个指标构 建区域公路边坡灾害危险性评价指标体系。依据基于物元的层次分析法，确定各分区指 标的权重，利用 ArcGIS 10.0 的空间分析功能，生成各指标图层，依照分区模型叠加得 到 《陕北公路边坡灾害危险度图》。 将陕北分为3 个一级危险区：轻度、中度、危险；其中中度危险区又细分为2 个亚 区。依据陕北公路边坡灾害危险性分区，结合陕北干线路网，分段进行道路危险性评价， 并针对性的提出防治措施。 关键字：陕北，边坡灾害，ArcGIS，分区，路网，防治措施 I 万方数据 Abstract In Loess Plateau region, the loess is widely distributed and its collapsibility is relatively strong, so the heavy and short duration rainfall in flood season often leads to highway slope disasters, which causes huge economic loss and has bad effects on society. According to the real situation of highway slope in the north of Shaanxi, the research on disaster risk zoning of highway slope disasters is conducted for a deep understanding of the regional characteristics of slope disasters in the north of Shaanxi loess region to reveal the rule of disasters in order to provide certain basis for northern Shaanxi road network planning, design, mainte