张广才岭色木槭紫红秋叶品系资源调查.pdfVIP

57 张广才岭色木槭紫红秋叶品系资源调查 曹申全，张茂增，罗也，沈海龙*，张鹏，杨玲 （东北林业大学林学院，哈尔滨 150040） 摘要：以踏查、样线调查、定株观测和采种育苗相结合的方式，对张广才岭地区色木槭紫红 秋色叶类型的资源状况进行了调查研究。结果表明，色木槭紫红变叶类型种群数量少，群落 中个体比例低，但是在优势地点的群落内有一定的资源量；紫红变叶单株在 2006-2012 年的 观测期间展现了稳定的性状表达；在样株上采种后播种培育的子代苗木中，有一定数量的苗 木在人工栽培环境中呈现出紫红变叶性状。说明紫红变叶性状可遗传，具有新品种选育潜力 和直接开发利用潜力。 关键词：色木槭，秋色叶类型，观赏品系，遗传变异 中途分类号：S663.2 文献标志码：A Investigation on purple-red autumn leaf varieties of mono maple in Zhangguangcai Mountains Cao Shen-quan, Zhang Mao-zeng, Luo Ye, Shen Hai-long*, Zhang Peng, Yang Ling (School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China) Abstract: Purple-red autumn leaf varieties of mono maple (Acer mono Maxim.) in Zhangguangcai Mountains were investigatied by combining the methods of spot observation, sample line survey, sample tree observation and seedling growing test. The results indicated that the populations of purple-red autumn leaf were very small with a few individuals, but there were certain resource of the purple-red varieties in the typical stand; During the period of 2006 to 2012, the smaple trees were showed a stable color-changing stayle; certain seedling derived from the seed collected from the smaple trees display the purple-red traits under artificial growing conditions.This implys the potential of breeding and direct utilization of the purple-red autumn leaf varieties. Key words: Acer mono, autumn-leaf color types, ornamental lines, genetic variation 彩叶植物是指在整个生长季节或生长季节的某一阶段全部或部分的叶片较稳定地呈现 非绿色的植物，根据叶片色彩呈现的不同时期和分布状态可分为春色叶、秋色叶、常色叶、 双色叶和斑色叶等类别[1-2]。彩叶植物因其独特的叶色鲜艳、适于大色块景观和独木景观构 建、调节城镇色彩组成等优点，近年来在园林绿化中受到极大重视，应用越来越广泛。在世 界众多的红叶树种中，槭树的秋叶独树一帜，极具魅力；其中色木槭（Acer mono Maxim.） 为乔木，树姿优美，叶形秀丽，秋季叶渐变为红色或黄色、紫色，是槭树中占首位的彩叶树 种，是我国北方、日本、韩国等地极其重要的秋色叶树种[3-4]。 色木槭俗称色木（东北），又名五角枫、水色树、地锦槭等，属槭树科（Aceraceae） 槭树属（ [5] Acer Linn.）落叶乔木，高达 20 m 。集中分布于我国东北小兴安岭和长白山林区，