政府环境管理权责一致性分析研究--_--以基层环境管理为视角.pdfVIP

政府环境管理权责一致性研究 ——以基层环境管理为视角 摘 要 政府环境管理中法定职权与法律责任不一致的现象普遍存在，尤其基层环境 管理中更为明显。基层环保部门囿于行政权力和能力所限，在日常监管中经常处 于一种尴尬状态。在环境事件法律责任追究过程中易代人受过，日常环境监察、 限期治理、环境影响评价等实施中亦缺少必要的职权，其职权往往与其所承担的 法律责任不一致。 政府环境管理中的权责不一致产生的原因是多方面的，包括法律理念定位不 正确、体制性障碍、权力配置不清晰、法律责任追究机制不完善等。从政治学、 法社会学和管理学的角度来分析，实现政府环境管理的权责一致对于落实政府环 境责任有非常重要的作用。 政府环境管理中的权责一致可通过以下方式实现：一是制定监管“监管者” 之法，二是完善环境管理体制，三是完善权力配置的法律体系，最后是完善法律 责任追究机制。通过以上措施，将能有效实现政府环境管理中的权责一致，为更 好地实现政府环境管理目标，建立环境友好型社会和建设生态文明奠定良好的基 础。 关键词：环境管理，权责一致，政府责任，权力配置，责任追究 RESEARCH ON THE CONSISTENCY OF THE POWER AND RESPONSIBILITY IN THE GOVERNMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT——FROM THE VIEW OF THE GRASS-ROOTS AGENCIES ABSTRACT Nowadays the phenomenon of inconsistencies between the authority and legal responsibility is common, especially in the grass-roots environmental protection departments. The fact of powers and responsibilities of government environmental management is inconsistent in the following areas: when the environmental events happened, environmental protection departments usually are held accountable for the acts, but the have no the power to management the issues. On the contrary, the governments do not need to take the responsibility. In the other circumstances, the environmental protection agency does not have enough power to manage it, such as Environmental monitoring, deadline management, and environmental impact assessment systems. The governments have the authority, but they don’t use it. The reasons why it is inconsistent between the power and responsibilities include four. To begin with, the legal concept of positioning is inco