剪叶对不同穗型小麦品种干物质积累及籽粒产量的影响.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2007,40(7):1353-1360 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 剪叶对不同穗型小麦品种干物质积累及籽粒产量的影响 刘万代，尹 钧，朱高纪 （河南农业大学国家小麦工程技术研究中心，郑州 450002 ） 摘要：【目的】为了探讨高产条件下不同穗型小麦品种叶片对产量的贡献。【方法】选用两种穗型小麦品种为 试验材料，研究了抽穗期剪叶对剩余叶片净光合速率、地上干物质积累、茎节重、籽粒结实与粒重的影响。【结果】 抽穗期剪叶均导致两种穗型品种的干物质积累量下降和籽粒产量降低，以多穗型品种豫麦49受影响较大；剪叶提 高了剩余叶片净光合速率，以多穗型品种豫麦49增幅较大；剪叶提高了茎秆内贮存物质的转移率，以大穗型品种 宿2001转移率增幅较大，表现为茎节干重明显减轻。剪叶后，剩余叶片净光合速率和茎秆内贮存物质转移率的提 高，均不足以弥补剪叶造成的损失，最终表现为结实粒数减少，粒重降低；随被剪叶片数增加、叶位升高，结实 粒数和粒重降低更多。【结论】不同穗型小麦品种叶片对籽粒产量的贡献存在差异，多穗型品种大于大穗型品种， 因此，在小麦抽穗后，多穗型品种叶片对增加籽粒产量起着重要作用。 关键词：小麦；穗型；剪叶；光合速率；干物质积累；籽粒产量 Effects of Leaf Removal on Dry Matter Accumulation and Grain Yield in Different Spike-type Wheat Varieties LIU Wan-dai, YIN Jun, ZHU Gao-ji （National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural University ，Zhengzhou 450002 ） Abstract: 【Objective 】This paper aimed to determine the contribution of leaves in different spike-type wheat varieties to grain yield in high-yield conditions. 【Method 】Two spike-type wheat varieties were selected as experimental materials, effects of leaf removal at heading stage on the net photosynthetic rate of remnant leaves, dry matter accumulation above ground, nodal weight per unit and setting kernels and grain weight in different spike-type wheat varieties were studied. 【Result 】The results showed that dry matter accumulation and grain yield of two spike-type varieties decreased because of leaf removal at heading stage, multi-spike variety-YM49 was influenced more than that of large-spike variety S2001.Though the net photosynthetic rate of remnant leaves raised owing to leaf removal and the net photosynthetic rate of remnant leaves in multi-spike variety-YM49 increased more evi