粳稻小粒穗的症状及其籽粒性状的变化特征.pdfVIP

中国农业科学 2006,39(8):1536-1544 Scientia Agricultura Sinica 粳稻小粒穗的症状及其籽粒性状的变化特征 张祖建，郎有忠，潘美红，杨建昌，朱庆森 （扬州大学农学院，江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室，扬州 225009 ） 摘要：【目的】系统介绍江苏省近两年来大面积发生的小粒穗异常生长现象，从稻穗、籽粒、糙米等方面对 发生症状给出详细的图文说明。【方法】以武育粳3号为分析对象，对几个代表性地区的小粒穗进行取样，分析了 正常籽粒和小粒穗籽粒的形态分布和粒重分布特征。【结果与结论】在正常籽粒中，籽粒的长、宽和粒重均呈较为 规律的单峰连续分布，且分布呈一定程度的右偏趋势；小粒穗籽粒的形态分布和粒重分布则较不规则，总体上均 呈双峰分布态势。两个峰累计分布的比例与小粒穗发生的严重程度有密切关系。在分析发生症状的基础上，对小 粒穗现象的名称、症状以及诊断的指标等一系列问题进行了讨论。 关键词：水稻；粳稻；小粒穗；症状；粒重；分布 Symptomatic of the Shrunk-grain Panicle and the Change Characteristics in Its Grain ZHANG Zu-jian, LANG You-zhong, PAN Mei-hong, YANG Jian-chang, ZHU Qing-sen (Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province, Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009) Abstract: 【Objective 】Over the past two years, an abnormal growth phenomenon called shrunk-grain panicle has occurred in a large area in Jiangsu Province. The phenomenon was described in detail by figures and characters in this paper. 【Method 】With Japonica rice Wuyujing 3 as the experimental material, characteristics of grain morphology distribution and grain weight were studied. Normal grains and Shrunk-grain Panicle were sampled from several representative areas. 【Result and Conclusion 】The length, width, and weight of the normal grains were distributed as regular, continuous and single peaked. Plant growth typically had a right-leaning tendency. On the contrary, the distribution of the grain morphology and weight were irregular and nearly doubled that of the Shrunk-grain Panicle. The proportion of the cumulative distribution in the two kinds of peaks was closely related with the degree of Shrunk-grain Panicle. The paper discusses analysis of the phenomenon’s symptoms, problems, and diagnosis. Key words: Rice; Japonica; Shrunk-grain P