使用变频器进行变频调速的控制系统.docVIP

摘要 油田掺水是在石油输送过程中，为了防止石油凝结，而将水注入管道中，并保持管道中有一定压力，从而使石油更易流通。在掺水站中，掺入水是三相分离器脱除后的活性水，在适当的温度和机械剪切作用下，使油以小的滴状分散在水中，被油水界面间的封膜所包围，形成水包油型乳化液，从而使油与钢管内壁间的摩擦，及油和水间的内摩擦，改变为水与钢管内壁间的摩擦和水与水间的内摩擦，可以有效地降低原油输送时的摩阻。 在本设计中，采用一拖二闭环控制方式。系统中掺水泵的掺水控制是由变频器通过变送器的回馈压力值，与事先预设在变频器中的压力值进行比较，利用变频器中内置PID自动根据差值进行运算调节控制变频器变频调速运行；同时，变频器中的运行参数通过内部计算机接口和通讯协议传输至计算机工作站；在计算机上可以随时检测和控制系统运行压力、电动机转速、输入/输出电压、输入/输出电流等参数，以使管中压力达到要求的2兆帕。 关键词: 变频器，变频调速，变频控制，压力变送器，接触器 Abstract In the process of oil transportation, in order to prevent the petroleum from condensing, and inject water into the pipeline; it can maintain a certain pressure in the pipeline so that the oil could flow more easily. In the mix water station, the water mixed in the oil field is active water that after three-phase separator. under the proper temperature and machinery, make the oil dispersed in water with the form of little dripping, enveloped by the membrane among the oil-water interfaces, form water envelop oil emulsion, thus the friction that among the oil and the wall in the steel tube, and the internal friction among oil and water, change into the friction among the water and the steel tube, and the friction inside waters, that can effectively reduce the baffle friction while sending crude oil. This design adopted the methods for one towing two controls. In this system, the mixing controls of mixing water pump is operated through comparing with the pressure value that is Prior default value and return pressure value from the frequency converter, and then using the inner PID in the frequency converter, automatically calculate and control according to the margin. Meanwhile, the operation parameter in the frequency converter is transmitted to the computer work station through the inside computer interface and communication agreement. It can check the operation pressure of control system, motor’s rotational speed, input / output voltage, input / output electric current in order to achieve 2 M Pa for requirements. Keywords: Frequency converter,