FACTORS REGULATING LIBERAL TRANSLATION.docVIP

FACTORS REGULATING LIBERAL TRANSLATION 　　ABSTRACT：Literal translation and liberal translation are two important methods and both play key roles in translation. However, some textbooks say that most translations are literal translations while others maintain most are liberal ones, besides, some others suggest a combination of the two. This paper focuses on the facts that regulate liberal translation. Because of the differences in culture, society, history, geography, and so on, there exists a great difference between Chinese language and English language, which does naturally lead to the liberal translation. 　　KEY WORDS： literal translation；liberal translation 　　1. Introduction of translation 　　What is translation? “ Expressing (sth. Spoken or esp. written) in another language or in simple words.”1 Peter Newmark, the famous English translation expert, describes it as to render the meaning of a text into another language in the way that the author intended the text.2 Nearly one hundred years ago, YAN Fu put forth faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance, the three difficulties in translation. “From the responsibility that the translator has, faithfulness should be for the original author, expressiveness for the Chinese readers, and elegance for the art.”3 Once the greatest Chinese literary figure, LU Xun, also laid particular emphases on faithfulness and expressiveness. In some sense, translation is commonly neither a paraphrase nor an imitation. 　　2. Four factors regulating liberal translation 　　2.1Difference in syntax 　　“Syntax is the study of the rules governing the ways that words, word groups, and phrases are combined to form sentences in a language, or the study of the interrelationships between elements in sentence structures.?. English, ien some sense, is a language of reaching meaning by its form. It requires that words can completely show its meaning and the construction is strict. Chinese, however, is a language that form is changeable by its meanin