March 28, 2011.ppt

There are two possibilities for relating dt and dt’ i This is the interval as seen in K frame ? emitted power Pe so can also write ii c.f. Doppler formula This is better – it’s what you would actually measure as a stationary observer in K ? received power Pr or We’ll adopt this Suppose the acceleration of the particle is caused by a force having components with respect to the particle’s velocity see RL problem 4.14 since dE’ dx’ 0 and So is more effective than in producing radiation Beaming As β ? 1, photons which are isotropic in the rest frame are “beamed” forward In K: so so Strongly peaked at θ 0 What happens to a dipole? Recall that is the rest frame of the emitting particle, Larmor’s result had a dipole angular distribution in K’ angle between the acceleration and the direction of emission writing Working out the result is messy; see RL Eqn. 4.101 and 4.103 Qualitative Picture Transformation of the Equation of Radiative Transfer How does the specific intensity Iν transform? Recall the radiation density We showed that so Now, the energy per volume is also where f phase space density of photons f # photons / dV’ where dV’ dx’dy’dz’ dpx’ dpy’ dpz’ How does the phase space volume transform? so phase space volume is an invariant But since f Number of photons/dV f is a Lorentz invariant OK: since What about the source function Sν ? Recall so transforms like Optical depth gives fraction of photons absorbed so Absorption coefficient K θ v l l distance perp. to v Both l and ky are perpendicular to v ? transform the same way is Lorentz invariant So Emission coefficient jν So So, to solve a radiative transfer problem: set up problem in emitter rest frame solve the equation of radiative transfer transform the result March 28, 2011 HW 7 due Wed. Midterm #2 on Monday April 4 Today: Relativistic Mechanics Radiation in S.R. Fields of a Uniformly Moving Charge If we consider a charge q at rest in the K’ frame, the E and B fields