农民对农业政策和其环境影响的评价_以三江平原湿地保护为例.pdfVIP

前沿论坛 FORWARD FORUM 农民对农业政策 及其环境影响的评价 ——以三江平原湿地保护为例 赵勇 汪力斌 李小云 （中国农业大学 人文与发展学院，北京 100193） 摘要：本研究通过农户问卷调查的方式，以亚洲开发银行三江平原湿地保护项目为例，分析了农民对农业政策及其环境影 响的评价。研究认为：农民总体上对目前国家出台的惠农政策了解程度较高，但对农机补贴和粮食价格保护政策的了解程 度相对较低。粮食市场价格是影响三江平原农户种粮决策的最主要因素，粮食补贴政策对三江平原农户种粮决策的影响不 如预期的大；多数农民认为目前国家出台的惠农政策不会导致湿地被重新开垦，但促进放牧养殖和农药化肥使用的政策会 对现有的湿地资源保护产生不利影响；在湿地资源的管理方面，政府主导带动社区参与和社区组织建设的模式得到大多数 亚行项目农户的认可，但该管理模式的可持续发展须基于社区合作机制的重建。 关键词：农业政策；环境影响；湿地保护；农民评价 Farmers’ Perspective on Agricultural Policies and Their Environmental Impacts - Case Study of Sanjiang Plain Wetland Protection ZHAO Yong, WANG Libin, LI Xiaoyun (College of Humanities and Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China) Abstract: Based on questionnaire survey of households in the ADB project of Sanjiang Plain wetland protection, the paper analyses the farmers’ view of agricultural policies and their environmental impacts. It is found that farmers’ awareness of recent pro-farmers policies is high, but their knowledge of agricultural machinery subsidy and grain price support policy is limited. Grain market price is the main factor to influence farmers’ decision making in farming, while the impact of grain subsidy policy on the decision is not as high as expected; most of farmers consider the recent pro-farmers policy could not lead to further wetland reclamation, but the policies promoting herding and fertilizer and pesticide utilization have a negative effect on wetland resource protection; the wetland resources management model of community participation and community organization construction dominated by government