五表面活性剂在纳米材料合成中的应用.ppt

参考文献 二 一、实验步骤 二 二、表征测试 SEM测试 导电性测试 傅里叶变换红外光谱测试 二 SEM结果分析 a： irregular PANI fibers are obtained in the medium of pure SDBS surfactant because uneven charges are formed on the surface of materials using this kind of anionic micelle f: in pure CTAB medium, uniformly curly fibrillar morphology can be observed . Since the mixed micelle of CTAB and SDBS is beneficial to the formation of worm-like structure , short wormlike structure with some aggregations appeared in sample S2 (Fig. b). With increasing the proportion of CTAB, the aspect ratio of 1D structure increased and relatively straight fibrillar morphology was formed by the stretch and intersection of fibers (Fig. c and d). If further increasing CTAB in mixed surfactants, the curving and serious aggregations were observed (Fig. e) 图二说明：（CTAB）:(SDBS)=2:1时，导电性最高，比单一表面活性剂时高两个数量级 图二解释： The electrical conductivity could be affected by the morphology of π-conjugation polymers from respects of density of electrons and arrangement of PANI molecular chains [12]. Relatively lower conductivity is observed in S1 and S6 with smooth surface from single surfactants. In contrast, all products from mixed surfactants possess higher conductivity although the aggregation is serious and the length is shorter except S4. The improvement of conductivity may be attributed to high density of electrons as a result of dense knobbles throughout PANI chains. The highest electrical conductivity is achieved in 2:1 of CTAB–SDBS system (S4), which generated uniformly branched fibers with higher aspect ratio and good dispersion. The electrons are free to move throughout the length of nanofibers and further extend to the branch regions, leading to the increased delocalization of charge, which benefits the improvement of conductivity. It can be inferred that the mixed surfactants have special effect on the electron density of whole structure as well as the PANI molecular orientation. Therefore, the optimizing of morphology as well as electrica