GPU的图像加速器与OpenGL的关系详解.ppt

April 2007 Intel Confidential * GPU History and Brands * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Graphics Accelerators and OpenGL Graphics Accelerators Special thanks to Eyal Bar-Lev April 2007 Intel Confidential * Why GPU ? Let’s take one vertex in 3D space and Transform it to somewhere else, and Convert it to  camera space and screen space (The screen is 2D….) These are three basic actions in a 3D world. How much computing power do they consume ? A Vertex is represented by four sets of numbers (X,Y,Z,W) Each operation is a Matrix Multiplication (i.e. 28 EU operations). There are three matrices (i.e. 28 X 3 = 84 EU actions Per one Vertex) A Fair flight simulator scene takes 120,000 Triangles/Frame at 60 Hz. (i.e. 7.2M Triangles/ Sec) X 84 = 604 M Calculations/Sec, and these are only three basic actions…… what about the rest ? Conclusion : There has to be a powerful machine to handle such a calculation rate, Up till today, the solution is the GPU April 2007 Intel Confidential * GPU History and Brands 1979 : Catmule invents the Z Buffer- Up till then Graphics is for Radar apps. 1980’s – SGI starts building RISC computers for graphics. 1985 – Amiga sets foot. 1996 – 3DFX and Voodoo 2000 – NVidia Brings Geforce II 2002 – ATI Brings Radeon 9700…. 2008 : ATI has 4870 as High end NV has 290GTX as high end April 2007 Intel Confidential * Fixed Functionality The result : A “Pipe” which multiplies vectors matrices with adjustable attributes April 2007 Intel Confidential * NVidia G80 NVidia G200 NVidia FERMI (GTX 580) Today’s Hottest : ATI(HD 6870) 1.7 billion transistors on 40nm fabrication process 1120 stream processing units Processor clock: 900 MHz Texture fill rate: 50.4 GPix/sec PCI Express 2.1 x16 bus interface Maximum Digital Resolution 2560x1600? Maximum VGA Resolution 2048x1536? Dual link DVI, HDMI 1.4a with Stereoscopic 3D Frame Packing Format, Deep Color, xvYCC wide gamut support, and high bit-rate audio… April 2007 Int