水热法合成LiFePO4的颗粒形态,晶体取向和电化学反应.pdfVIP

PAPER /materials | Journal of Materials Chemistry Particle morphology, crystal orientation, and electrochemical reactivity of LiFePO4 synthesized by the hydrothermal method at 443 K Kaoru Dokko,ab Shohei Koizumi,a Hiroyuki Nakanob and Kiyoshi Kanamura*ab Received 27th July 2007, Accepted 24th September 2007 First published as an Advance Article on the web 1st October 2007 DOI: 10.1039/b711521k LiFePO4 (space group: Pnma) was synthesized by the hydrothermal method at 443 K. The pH of the precursor solution was systematically changed between 2.5 and 9.5. The particle morphology, crystal orientation, and electrochemical reactivity of the prepared LiFePO4 particles changed depending on the concentration of the Li source and pH of the precursor. The particles obtained from acidic solutions (pH #3.5) were needle-like particles. On the other hand, plate-like crystals were obtained from weak acidic solutions of 4 , pH , 6.5. At higher pH than 7.2, the particles became randomly shaped. The plate-like crystal had a large facet in the ac-plane, while the needle- like particles had a large facet in the bc-plane. The electrochemical properties of the prepared LiFePO4 were characterized in a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate and diethyl carbonate with volume ratio of 1 : 1 containing 1.0 mol dm23 LiClO4 at room temperature. The plate-like crystals exhibited the highest electrochemical reactivity among the prepared samples, and the discharge capacity was 163 mA h g21 measured at a current density of 17 mA g21. Introduction particles. It also has other advantages such as a simple synthesis process and is energy efficient. Whittingham and co- Transition metal phosphates such as LiFePO ,1–4 LiMnPO ,5,6