【课堂新坐标】2016届高考英语总复习(译林版,江苏专用)写作技能突破：摘要写作.pptVIP

服/务/教/师 免/费/馈/赠 返回菜单 英语YL(江苏专用) 解释/分述 说明的对象/观点/现象 说明文 故事大意(两三句) 故事的写作目的/主题(一句) 记叙文 文章论据(两三句) 文章论点(一句) 议论文 支撑句 主题句 文体 服/务/教/师 免/费/馈/赠 返回菜单 英语YL(江苏专用) 第二板块　文体写作强化 第五节　摘要写作 [文体透析] 一、摘要的定义：抓住主旨，简要概括文章大意。 概括部分包含几种能力。第一要看清楚文章的结构，设法反映出原文中作者的观点。第二要具有意义筛选的能力，学会区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍和特殊、相关和不相关、原因和结果等复杂的逻辑关系。第三要有用英文解释英文的能力，用自己简单的语言解释比较复杂的语言文字，不能抄袭原文。 二、概括的标准：抛弃次要，瞄准写作目的。 标准的概括采用浮凸式的表达方式，第一句话是主题句，清楚明白地告诉了读者文章的写作目的，这句话的质量决定了概括的成败。后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑，凡是意义在主题之外的要毫不吝啬地予以删除。 三、概括的写作步骤： 1．确定主题句。确定阅读文章的主题句，一般在段首。没有主题句的需要自己组合。 2．寻找关键句。分析主题句意义，确定关键词，关键词一般体现为名词、形容词，关键词的数目决定了概括的信息浓度。 3．重构主题句。概括的主题句逻辑上要统摄后面所有的支撑句。可以从作者的写作目的逆推，反映写作目的主题句是高度抽象的，它基本决定了概括的质量。 4．重组支撑句。支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，可以是补充过程或者提供证据。 口诀：括长见短，省却细腻。(括：概括性。见：间接引语。短：短的连词。细腻：细节和例子) 四、概括的形式：“主题句＋支撑句”即“主题＋主题的什么”。 [常用技巧] Skill 1：Omit(省略)the details Skill 2：Omit the repetitions Skill 3：Omit the examples Skill 4：Use general(概括性)words instead of specific(具体的)words Skill 5：Put the main points of a dialogue in indirect speech [写作任务] Many people in England are angry that drivers park their cars on the pavements.Cars that are on the pavement prevent people from walking safely down the street.They have to walk into the road to get around the running cars.Its a lot more difficult for blind people to walk around the town if cars are in their way.A spokesman for a charity told the BBC，“It can be frightening for anyone who is forced to step into a road because the pavement is blocked by a van car or other badly parked vehicle.Imagine you have to step into a road where you cant see oncoming traffic.” A survey on parking in Britain found that 70 percent of people want a ban on parking on pavements.A town south of London has already started a system to get drivers to park in a proper car park.Any motorist who parks on the pavement gets a D|S115 fine.However，many people say the fines do not work.Local people say car owners ignore the fine and park where they want.One woman said there would soon be a very serious accident because of a car parked o