马林生物化学练习题报吿.docVIP

第一章 核酸 名词解释(英语解释) 单核苷酸(mononucleotide) 单核苷酸，一种化合物，一类由嘌呤碱或嘧啶碱、核糖或脱氧核糖以及磷酸三种物质组成的化合物。又称核甙酸。戊糖与有机碱合成核苷,核苷与磷酸合成核苷酸,4种核苷酸组成核酸。核苷酸主要参与构成核酸，许多单核苷酸也具有多种重要的生物学功能，如与能量代谢有关的三磷酸腺苷（ATP）、脱氢辅酶等。 Nucleotides are organic molecules that form the basic building blocks of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA. A nucleotide is composed of a nucleobase, a pentose(ribose or deoxyribose) and at least one phosphate group. Nucleotides serve to carry packets of energy within the cell (ATP). In the form of thenucleoside triphosphates (ATP, GTP, CTP and UTP), nucleotides play central roles inmetabolism.[1] In addition, nu