A8分子设计育种的研究与探索 程伟.docVIP

浙江大学学士学位论文 学号：1211082009 基于水稻分子设计育种的研究与探索Research and Exploration Based on Molecular Design Breeding in Rice 学生姓名：程伟 指导老师：胡建平 所在院系：网络教育学院 所学专业：农学 研究方向：农学 浙江大学 中国·杭州 2015年3月摘 要 中国的水稻育种技术有许多突破，比如：杂交水稻的成功选育使得作物的产量有了上升，超级水稻的育种技术使产量有了更进一步的发展。甚至，分子育种技术的发展使得水稻在产量和质量上同时都有更进一步的提升。 通过多种技术的融合，分子设计育种能够对育种过程中的多个变量进行仿真和优化，从而提出最适合育种的目标基因类型以及产生目标基因型的亲本与后代的选择策略。以提升育种过程中的效率和成功率，保证了从经验到定点准确育种的转变。同时随着其他辅助性分子技术的日渐完善, 生物学与信息学的快速发展, 生物IT软件的开发等, 分子设计育种正在成为水稻育种的主要手段。 本文综述近些年来我国水稻分子设计育种的发展情况, 并讨论了未来水稻育种最有可能的发展方向：水稻分子设计育种，同时结合国内外分子设计育种的研究现状对分子设计育种的未来进行进一步的展望,最后提出我国水稻分子设计育种近期内应加强的一些方法和手段。 关键词：分子设计育种 基因 水稻 Abstract There are many breakthrough rice breeding in China, for example: the hybrid rices successful breeding led to the further rising of rice yield，and the breeding technology of super rice increased rice yield to a higher level．However, the development of molecular design breeding in rice technology makes the rice both on the quantity and quality are further ascension. Through a variety of technology integration, molecular design breeding to breeding process simulation and optimization of multiple variables, thus put forward genetic types and produce the most suitable breeding goal genotype selection strategy of parent and offspring，and also can improving the efficiency of breeding and breeding success rate and Realize from the traditional experience breeding to the conversion of the orientation, ensure the accurate and from experience to fixed-point breeding. Meanwhile with other auxiliary molecular technology increasingly sophisticated at the same time, the rapid development of biology and informatics, biological IT software development, such as molecular design breeding is becoming the main method of rice breeding. This paper reviews recent development situation of rice molecular design breeding in our country, and combining with the domestic and foreign research situation of molecular design breeding in the future for further prospects