Text A College How to Survive the First Year.pptVIP

3. Often it is tempting to sleep through early morning class or skip it altogether — resist temptation. Make it a priority to attend all of your classes on time. 通常，逃掉大清早的课睡个懒觉，或者干脆逃掉所有的课很具诱惑力。务必抵制住这种诱惑。准时上所有的课，使之成为头等大事。 注意这两句话中的 “it”。 第一句话Often it is tempting to… 中的“it”是形式主语，该句真正的主语是to sleep through early morning class or skip it altogether。第二句话Make it a priority to…中的“it”是形式宾语，该句真正的宾语是to attend all of your classes on time。英语句子中，如果主语或宾语较长、较复杂， 通常用“it”这个形式主语或形式宾语取代真正的主语或宾语， 使其提前，从而保持句子的平衡。 4. That being said, be careful of taking too much time for yourself. 话虽这么说，注意别给自己太多的时间。 这句话的主干就是一个祈使句be careful of taking too much time for yourself。前面的部分是独立主格结构。独立主格结构（Absolute Structure）是由名词或代词加上分词等构成的一种独立结构，用于修饰 整个句子。独立主格结构中的名词或代词与其后的分词等构成逻辑上的 主谓关系。这种结构与主句不发生句法上的联系，它的位置相当灵活， 可置于主句前、主句末或主句中，常由逗号将其与主句分开。例如： 1）Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. 2）He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the blackboard. 3）Every afternoon a very old woman hobbled past the old house, a vast load of firewood on her back. Writing techniques Sentences with different grammatical structures can be used to achieve different emphasis. In a simple sentence, there is only one idea, and it is of course emphasized. For example, (the italics showing the emphasized ideas) The boy bought a bunch of roses for the girl. The girl liked the roses very much. In a compound or complex sentence, there are at least two clauses, and therefore at least two ideas. In a compound sentence, the ideas are equally emphasized; in a complex sentence, the idea in the main clause is emphasized. For example, the following sentences express slightly different ideas (the italics showing the emphasized ideas): 1. The boy bought the girl a bunch of roses, and the girl liked the roses very much. 2. The boy bought the girl a bunch of roses which the girl liked very much. Error Reminder: Sentence Fragment Sentence fragments are gram