自杀未遂者的临床特征及心理特征解析.docVIP

自杀未遂者的临床特征及心理特征 摘要： 目的:探讨自杀未遂者的临床特征及心理特征。方法:采用自编一般情况调查表、自杀行为调查表、抑郁症调查表收集人口学资料和病史资料，艾森克个性测验、汉密尔顿抑郁量表、自杀意念自评量表、自杀态度问卷进行调查评分，分析临床特征及心理特征。结果:①自杀未遂者主要自杀方式依次为过量服药、割腕、溺水、自缢；②两自杀组内外向标准分低于正常对照组(F=22.673，P0.001)，神经质标准分高于正常对照组(F=6.276，P0.05)，神经质维度与自杀意念呈正相关（rB=0.517,PB=0.012；rD=0.551, PD=0.002）；③两自杀组自杀意念总分（F=42.987，P0.001）、绝望因子（F=45.647，P0.001）高于两对照组；④两自杀组自杀态度的四个维度（F1、F2、F3、F4）均分低于正常对照组(F1=28.149，F2=32.191，F3=16.467，F4=40.412，P0.001)。结论: 神经质维度、绝望感、自杀意念、自杀态度是自杀的重要预测因子，自杀行为可以独立于抑郁症而存在,或者伴有显著的抑郁。 关键词：自杀未遂；绝望感；病例对照研究 The clinical characteristics and psychological characteristics of suicide attempts.Zhang Feng,Yuan Guozhen，Zhang Minglian.Mental Health Center of Jiangsu Province, wuxi 214151,P.R.China 【Abstract】 Objective To investigate The clinical characteristics and psychological characteristics of suicide attempts. Methods The general demographic information and medical history information were gathered by self-made register form, suicidal behavior register form and depression register form. The clinical characteristics and psychological characteristics were assessed and analyzed by Eysenck Personality Questionaire, Hamilton Depression Scale, Self-rating Idea of Suicide Scale and Suicide Attitudes Questionnaire. Results ① The main suicidal methods of suicide attempts were were overdose, wrists, drowning, hanging.② The extroversion-introversion standard scores were lower than the control group (F=22.673，P0.001). The dimension neuroticism standard scores of suicide attempt group were higher than the normal control group (F=6.276，P0.05). The dimension neuroticism standard scores of two suicide attempt groups was positively correlated with suicide ideation（rB=0.517,PB=0.012；rD=0.551, PD=0.002）.③ The suicide ideation total score （F=42.987，P0.001）and despair factor scores （F=45.647，P0.001）of the two suicide attempt groups were significantly higher than control groups.④The four dimensions scores of suicidal Attitude of the two suicide groups were lower than in the normal control group