二氧化氯正在被接受和认可教案解析.ppt

Abstract: In this paper,the usual disinfectants such as liquid chlorine,ozone, chloramine and chlorine dioxide as well as UV disinfection were briefed and appraised in water disinfection. The good performance and the generation technology of chlorine dioxide as well as its application present situation were emphatically discussed at home and broad. We propose that the corresponding rules of substitution chlorine dioxide for liquid chlorine and the corresponding standard for the analytical method of chlorine dioxide be made and promulgated by the department concerned in China. The author considers chlorine dioxide is gaining acceptance and approval, and it has broad application prospects. Keywords: liquid chlorine, ozone, chloramine, chlorine dioxide, disinfection, generation technology,application prospects. * * 二氧化氯正在被接受和认可 Chlorine Dioxide is Gaining Acceptance and Approval 黄君礼 Prof. Huang Junli ? (哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院) School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering Harbin Institute of technology,150090,Harbin China 1.水消毒剂 ???液氯Cl2,臭氧O3, 氯胺(NH2Cl和NHCl2等) 和二氧化氯ClO2及紫外线UV消毒 ???(1) 含氯制剂消毒 ???含氯制剂： ???第一代消毒剂氯：液氯Cl2、NaCl、Ca(OCl)2?3H2O ???第二代消毒剂优氯：二氯异氰尿酸钠 ???第三代消毒剂氯精：三氯异氰尿酸 3种含氯制剂溶于水后均产生HOCl，如： Cl2 + H2O ＝ HOCl + H＋ + Cl－ 第四代消毒剂ClO2 ??(2)臭氧O3消毒 ?????? O3是一种优良的消毒剂和强化剂。 ?????? O3 O3/GAC O3/ BAC O3/固定化生物活性炭 ?????? O3在自来水中的半衰期约为20min(20℃) ??(3)紫外线消毒 (4)氯胺消毒 ?????? 氯胺又称化合性有效氯CAC ? CAC＝NHXClY + RNCl ? (无机氯胺） (有机氯胺） ?????? 式中，x, y, z为0-3的数值。 ?????? pH：7~10时 ? NH3 + HOCl ＝ NH2Cl + H2O ? NH2Cl + HOCl ＝ NHCl 2+ H2O ? NHCl2 + HOCl ＝ NCl 3+ H2O ? 减少CHCl3生成量50%~70% (5) ClO2消毒 ?????? 2.二氧化氯的优良性能 ?(1) ClO2消毒几乎不产生CHCl3等有机卤代物 (2) ClO2具有良好的杀菌效果 ? ClO2消毒剂鉴定 表2 ClO2与Cl2对三种纯菌种的灭菌效果 (灭菌40min，pH=7.2) 2） 对水中细菌的杀灭效果 (3) ClO2对病毒的失活效果 1) ClO2对水中病毒的失活效果 2) ClO2对乙肝病毒的失活效果 3） ClO2对流感病毒的失活效果 (4) ClO2及消毒水的毒性 (1) ClO2、Cl