贵州农村经济发展研究讲义.docVIP

贵州农村经济发展研究 摘 要：受自然条件、历史发展和国家相关政策因素的影响，目前贵州农村经济发展落后。本文以贵州农村近20余年经济发展为研究对象，主要选取粮食产特色农产品产 关键字：贵州；农村经济；粮食产量；农民纯收入  The Research Of The Rural Economic Development In Guizhou ABSTRACT：Influenced by such factors as the natural conditions, historical development?and governments policies etc, At present the development of economy is backward in rural areas of Guizhou province. This paper focuses on Guizhou’s 20 years regional economic development, which mainly choose the grain output, the farmers average net income, the output of meat and the production of special agricultural products as the indexes. The research on the development of rural Guizhou’s economy situation about 20 years, we can get the result that is the food production increased in Guizhou from 1990 to 1998, from 1995 to 1998, it remained stable and reduced substantially in 2011. Per capita net income of farmers went steadily up and the total output of meat also steadily upwards later in 2006. Rapeseed planting area is relatively stable, and its output tend to be stable since 2000, in the characteristics of agricultural products. On this basis, the article systematically analyzes the basic situation and the existing problems of the rural economy in Guizhou, in order to promote the rapid development of the rural economy in Guizhou. Key words: GuiZhou; The rural economy; grain output; net income of farmer 贵州农村经济发展研究 前 言 长期以来，贵州省在工业化过程中人为扭曲的城乡分割的二元经济结构和社会结构，使得贵州现阶段农业与工业、农村与城市、农民与市民之间的对立与疏离越来越明显，已经很难适应新阶段农业和农村经济的发展要求(1(。明显表现在于：农村经济很落后，财产性收入在农民收入中没有得到充分的“释放”，农业科技研发与推广未充分适用于实际情况，农业基础设施薄弱，抵御风险与抗灾能力差，生产效率低；城乡收入、工农收入以及城乡居民消费水平差距不断拉大，贫困问题严重，社会保障极不健全，公共设施建设滞后，城镇化水平很低，农村剩余劳动力转移缓慢，基层民主建设不完善；农村人力资源没有得到充分的开发，农民受教育程度低，城乡教育资源和教育质量差距逐渐拉大。贵州经济发展问题从本质上讲是农村经济发展问题;贵州工业化问题从本质上讲是农村工业化问题;贵州城市化问题从本质上讲是农村城镇化问题;也就是说,农村经济发展问题、农村工业化问题、农村城镇化问题,是贵州经济发展问题的本质和核心(2(。本文通过收集贵州历年粮食产量、农村人均纯收入和肉类产品的总产量等数据，找出贵州省农村农村经济发展的趋势和对实际情况和数据的分析研究，为促进农村经济发展提供方法和理论，为更好的发展贵州农村经济打下牢固基础，使贵州农村经济从困境中走出来。 1. 贵州农村自然资源简述 1.1 耕地资源 贵州耕地资源的分布属亚热带季风气候带,地势大体西北部高,