外语学科学术的研究特点和论文写作.ppt

Research Methods 英语教研室 刘泉厚 2010.12.14 From holistic research to partial studies Synthetic approach vs analytic approach holistic research to partial studies 综合法 分析法 整体 部分 整体观 成分观 面向内部结构 面向外部结构 了解过程 了解结果 Inductive approach Vs Deductive approach Examples for these Inductive approach vs Deductive approach 归纳法 ←-------------→演绎法 1.以数据为出发点 以假设为出发点 2.没有事先形成的看法 进行预示 3.可以生成假设 检验假设 4.成果:描述或提出假设 成果: 理论 Qualitative approach定性 Vs Quantitative approach定量 What are they? Once upon a time, an extraterrestrial 外星人 paid a visit to a big city in China…. Dwelling Narrowness Qualitative approach includes Observation participant参与者 It inc interview, taperecording,diary,camera shooting，video no- participant observation（judge in a contest） Verbal reporting 口头自述 Eg, at that time,I was just going home… Questionnaire ; data analysis.etc 蜗居 Quantitative approach 1. statistical method (random sampling) Rocktea to whitemouse 2. experimental method Experimental group vs controlling group Variables (independent variable vs dependent variable) Method as iv While scores, performance as dv Moderate variable (more time for learning) Control variable as (same teacher, and book) Qualitative approach ∣ quantitative approach Participation to acquire experience experience to acquire data 只有通过个人主观经验才能认识人类行为 只有摆脱主观状态才能了解社会 现象的因果关系 了解就是移情 了解要保持距离 依赖定性数据 依赖定量数据