产蛋舍环境控制能够提高产蛋性能分析报告.pdfVIP

Environmental Management of Laying-Hen Houses to Improve Egg Production 产蛋舍环境控制能够提高产蛋性能 Dr. Hongwei Xin, Professor Iowa State University Director of Egg Industry Center hxin@ A Presentation at the 2012 Hy-Line International Tech Training School West Des Moines, Iowa, July 18, 2012 1 Topics to Cover主题 • A few basic terms几个基本概念 • Environmental factors affecting laying hens影响产 蛋鸡的环境因素 • Modern layer housing systems现代蛋鸡舍系统 • Ventilation systems and management 通风系统和管理 • Cooling options 降温系统 • Recent field data about impact of hot weather on laying-hen performance 炎热天气对产蛋鸡性能影响的最新数 据 • Take-Home Messages关键信息 2 A Few Basic Terms几个基本概念 • Homeothermic – The state of maintaining constant body temperature despite fluctuating surrounding temperature. Farm animals are homeothermic. 恒温-不管周围环境温度如何变化，体温始终保持不变。 畜禽皆是恒温动物。 • Effective temperature (ET) – the temperature that animal actually feels that integrates all the thermal components – air temperature, velocity, humidity, radiation; e.g., wind-chill index, temperature-humidity index, black-globe temperature 有效温度（ET）- 动物实际感觉到的温度，结合所有热量因素-空气温度、速率、湿度、辐射，例如：风寒指数、温度 –湿度指数、黑球温度 • Thermoneutral zone (TNZ) – range of temperature in which animal remains homeothermic with minimal effort 热中性区（TNZ ）-动物 保持恒温做功最小的温度范围 3 Environmental Factors环境因素 • Thermal Environment 热环境 – Air temperature 空气温度 – Relative humidity 相对湿度 – Air velocity 气流速度 Effective temperature (ET) – Radiation 辐射 有效温度 • Gaseous Environment 气态环境 – Ammonia (NH ), carbon dioxide (CO ), carbon monoxide (CO)氨