卷丹小孢子母细胞减数分裂染色体行为的研究.pdfVIP

植物遗传资源学报2013,14(1):　 -　 Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 卷丹小孢子母细胞减数分裂染色体行为的研究 刘晓丽,贾桂霞 (北京林业大学园林学院/ 国家花卉工程技术中心,100083 北京) 　 　 摘要:本试验对引种于陕西汉中地区的三倍体卷丹的小孢子母细胞减数分裂进程、花粉生活力和可育性进行了分析。 结 果显示:减数分裂时期与花蕾、花药长度及花药壁颜色呈现出一定的相关性,处于减数分裂时期的卷丹花蕾长度在2.5 ~ 3.2 cm之间,花药长度在1.4 ~1.8 cm之间;从细线期到成熟花粉粒,花药壁的颜色呈现出淡绿色-淡黄绿色-黄绿色-橘 黄色的变化趋势,花药内容物颜色也从透明逐渐变为粘稠的橘红色。 减数分裂终变期染色体构型以三价体为主,平均构型 为:11.6Ⅲ+2Ⅱ+1.1Ⅰ,可判断该种源地卷丹为同源三倍体。 减数分裂中出现染色体不均等分裂、染色体落后、染色体桥及 2 微核现象,同时观察到成熟花粉粒大小差异较大,极轴与赤道轴乘积在839.465 ~3327.907 μm 范围内,趋于正态分布,为三 倍体卷丹花粉的高度不育提供了细胞学证据。 以卷丹为母本与大花卷丹进行杂交,得到一定数量的种子,其中有胚率达到了 43.0%,成苗率为67.4%,说明三倍体卷丹在百合育种中具有一定的价值。 　 　 关键词:卷丹;小孢子母细胞;减数分裂;三倍体育性 Chromosom Behavior of Pollen Mother Cell in Meiosis Process for Lilium lancifolium LIU Xiao-li,JIA Gui-xia (National Engineering Research Centerfor Floriculture/ College of LandscapeArchitecture, Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083) Abstract:The meiosis process of pollen mother cell,the pollen grains vitality of L.lancifolium from Hanzhong district,Shanxi province,was observed.The results showed that the length of buds and anthers,and the color of the anther wallwererelatedtothestageofthemeiosisprocess.Thelengthof budsandantherwhichwereinthemeiosis processwere between2.5 and 3.2 cm / 1.4 and 1.8 cm,respectively.The main chromosome configurations were trivalent indiakinesisstage,andtheaverageconfigurationwas11.6Ⅲ+2Ⅱ+1.1Ⅰ,which showedthattheL.lan- cifolium was used in this experiment was autotriploid. The asymmetric division,chromosome lag,chromosome bridge,and micronucleuswerepresent in distinct meiosisstages,whichprovidedthecytological evidenceforthelow fertility of pollen grain.The prospect of application of tripolidL.lancifolium