国际法视野下和“环境难民”问题地研究.pdf

群体纳入公约、国际社会组织及政府间合作的不协调问题、国家责任划分不明四个方面。 第四部分 首先对扩大国际法中“难民”定义所具有的可行性进行论述，基于此，进一步阐述 了界定“环境难民”的标准，其至少应包括因环境因素造成、“环境难民”切实存在恐 惧心理两个标准。在这一部分，对源于政府迫害一点进行了详细阐述。此部分还阐述了 一个观点，即可以通过拟议新国际条约来应对“环境难民”问题，包括国际环境法的原 则可被扩大至对“环境难民”的救助中、使新拟议公约具有操作层面的有效性、发达国 家与发展中国家接受此公约的可能性等几个方面。之后，对前文所述之扩大原公约“难 民”定义与拟议新公约此两种保护“环境难民”途径进行了比较。针对如何构建“环境 难民”的预防与保护机制，提出了相关建议，如预防性制度的设置、建立国际环境难民 救济补偿基金、从社会保障法上对其进行更多的关注保护等。对于“环境难民”国际责 任的划分，可以通过明确“环境难民”接收国、原居住国的责任予以规制，此外，国际 上的合作与援助亦是所必须的。而解决“环境难民”的问题最根本的解决方案在于解决 环境问题本身，故加大环境保护力度有助于遏止“环境难民”涌现的趋势。 关键词：环境难民；国际合作；国际保护 2 Abstract Abstract AAbbssttrraacctt As the rapid development of the glob economic, the issue of the deterioration of the global environment has been more and more important. It is undoubted to say that, environmental pollution is impacting the sustainability development of world economic and even the international security. Currently, a great deal of the emergence of environmental refugees has put the problem which regarded the relationship between the environment and human before us. However, as the environmental refugees were not included in the international refugee law system, this population can not be get satisfactory protection. This paper will examine the relevant provisions of international refugee law and the rules of environmental refugees protection, discuss the embarrassing predicament where the international legal put environmental refugees in, and then find out series ways to propose an effectivesolutiontothisissue.Thefindingofthispaperwillbedividedintofourparts: First of all, the paper will summarize the current situation of environmental refugees. The overview will be, firstly,analysis the conceptof environment refugees, discuss the factors that cause the problem of environmental refugees, and then critical