多氯联苯在水稻田中的迁移行为.pdfVIP

第 21 卷第 4 期 环 　境 　科 　学 　学 　报 Vol . 21 ,No . 4 2001 年 7 月 ACTA SCIENTIAE CIRCUMSTANTIAE July ,2001 ( ) 文章编号 2001　　　中图分类号 :X592 　　　文献标识码 :A 多氯联苯在水稻田中的迁移行为 ( 中国科学院生态环境研究中心 ,北京 　100085) 毕新慧 ,储少岗,徐晓白 　 摘要 :对典型污染地区水稻田土壤及作物中多氯联苯的含量和分布特征进行了研究. 结果表明,土壤中以4 - 6 氯取代的 ( ) PCBs 同类物 congeners 为主 ,三者占PCBs 总量的85 %以上 ;多氯联苯在土壤中的横向和纵向迁移行为很弱 , 同类物之间表 现出不同的迁移特性 ;水稻对多氯联苯没有明显的生物富集作用 ;水稻不同组织中多氯联苯的含量相差很大 ,其中浓度分布 顺序为稻叶 稻壳 稻杆 糙米 ;大气沉降可能是水稻污染的主要来源. ( ) 关键词 :多氯联苯 PCBs ; 水稻 ; 土壤 ; 迁移转化 Transport of PCBs in contaminated paddy f ields ( BI Xinhui , CHU Shaogang , XU Xiaobai 　Research Center for EcoEnvironmental Sciences , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Bei jing 100085) Abstract :PCBs transport in paddy field was investigated. The soil and rice samples were analyzed for PCBs contamination . Tetra to hexa chlorinated polychlorinated biphenyl were dominant in soil samples from paddy field. These three homolog group s accounted for 85 % of PCBs in the soil samples. The distribution of PCBs in different depths of soil showed that high chlorinated PCB congeners barely migrate to deeper layer through pore water . It was showed that rice grown in the field appeared somewhat contamination by PCBs , but it was not likely subj ected to significant bioconcentration of PCBs from contaminated soil directly. The PCB concentrations in the different tissues were different from each other . The maximum concentration was observed in leaves. The volatilization of PCBs from soil and subsequent adsorption onto the plant was suggested to be the predominant mechanism of PCBs contamination . Keyword